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Evaluation of River Water Pollution Level in Yogyakarta City Using CCME Method and Biodegradability Index

Jurnal Geografi · Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025) · hlm. 110–122

DOI
10.24114/jg.v17i1.64244
ISSN
2549-7057, 2085-8167
Terbit
2025-03-27
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Medan
Bahasa
en
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Inggris

River water quality in urban areas, particularly in Yogyakarta, has declined due to pollution from domestic, industrial, and agricultural activities. Communal wastewater treatment plants (CWWTPs) were established to address this issue; however, they have not been operating optimally, limiting their impact on improving water quality. Therefore, this study aims to 1) analyze the condition of water quality temporally and spatially in river sections in Yogyakarta City, 2) determine river water quality index temporally and spatially using Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environmental (CCME) method and Biodegradability Index (BI), 3) evaluate the level of water pollution between CCME method and BI, and 4) analyze water quality parameters influencing the pollution level. The study procedures were carried out using the institutional survey method, and data were obtained from temporal water quality monitoring by Yogyakarta City Environmental Service. Water quality assessment was based on standards according to Governor Regulation No. 20 of 2008. Evaluation of pollution levels was carried out using water quality index with CCME method and BI. The influence of dominant parameters was statistically tested using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that water quality in Yogyakarta City based on CCME method and BI was dominated by the poor and non-biodegradable categories. Between 2020 and 2023, the CCME and BI index values of rivers showed an increasing trend, indicating a reduction in pollution. The primary factors affecting water quality include NO₂, TDS, temperature, DO, NO₃, and total phosphate, originating from domestic and agricultural activities. In contrast, Cu, Zn, and Cd are primarily sourced from industrial activities.

Inggris

River water quality in urban areas, particularly in Yogyakarta, has declined due to pollution from domestic, industrial, and agricultural activities. Communal wastewater treatment plants (CWWTPs) were established to address this issue; however, they have not been operating optimally, limiting their impact on improving water quality. Therefore, this study aims to 1) analyze the condition of water quality temporally and spatially in river sections in Yogyakarta City, 2) determine river water quality index temporally and spatially using Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environmental (CCME) method and Biodegradability Index (BI), 3) evaluate the level of water pollution between CCME method and BI, and 4) analyze water quality parameters influencing the pollution level. The study procedures were carried out using the institutional survey method, and data were obtained from temporal water quality monitoring by Yogyakarta City Environmental Service. Water quality assessment was based on standards according to Governor Regulation No. 20 of 2008. Evaluation of pollution levels was carried out using water quality index with CCME method and BI. The influence of dominant parameters was statistically tested using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that water quality in Yogyakarta City based on CCME method and BI was dominated by the poor and non-biodegradable categories. Between 2020 and 2023, the CCME and BI index values of rivers showed an increasing trend, indicating a reduction in pollution. The primary factors affecting water quality include NO₂, TDS, temperature, DO, NO₃, and total phosphate, originating from domestic and agricultural activities. In contrast, Cu, Zn, and Cd are primarily sourced from industrial activities.

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  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Tjahyo Nugroho AdjiUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Muh Aris MarfaiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Lintang Nur FadlillahUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Dong Hyeon KimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Eko HaryonoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Ahmad CahyadiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Indra Agus RiyantoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Dzakwan Taufiq Nur MuhammadUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Naufal Fattah TastianUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Fachrurizal Sai KintoroUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Galih Dwi JayantoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Muhammad Ridho IrshabdillahUniversitas Gadjah Mada1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jurnal.unimed.ac.id/2012/index.php/geo/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Evaluation of River Water Pollution Level in Yogyakarta City Using CCME Method and Biodegradability Index</dc:title>
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Evaluation of River Water Pollution Level in Yogyakarta City Using CCME Method and Biodegradability Index</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Widyastuti, Margaretha</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Aldina Noer Azizah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Adinda Aprilia Fajriani</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">River Water Pollution</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Water Quality Index</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Biodegradability Index</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">CCME WQI</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">River water quality in urban areas, particularly in Yogyakarta, has declined due to pollution from domestic, industrial, and agricultural activities. Communal wastewater treatment plants (CWWTPs) were established to address this issue; however, they have not been operating optimally, limiting their impact on improving water quality. Therefore, this study aims to 1) analyze the condition of water quality temporally and spatially in river sections in Yogyakarta City, 2) determine river water quality index temporally and spatially using Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environmental (CCME) method and Biodegradability Index (BI), 3) evaluate the level of water pollution between CCME method and BI, and 4) analyze water quality parameters influencing the pollution level. The study procedures were carried out using the institutional survey method, and data were obtained from temporal water quality monitoring by Yogyakarta City Environmental Service. Water quality assessment was based on standards according to Governor Regulation No. 20 of 2008. Evaluation of pollution levels was carried out using water quality index with CCME method and BI. The influence of dominant parameters was statistically tested using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that water quality in Yogyakarta City based on CCME method and BI was dominated by the poor and non-biodegradable categories. Between 2020 and 2023, the CCME and BI index values of rivers showed an increasing trend, indicating a reduction in pollution. The primary factors affecting water quality include NO₂, TDS, temperature, DO, NO₃, and total phosphate, originating from domestic and agricultural activities. In contrast, Cu, Zn, and Cd are primarily sourced from industrial activities.</dc:description>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">River water quality in urban areas, particularly in Yogyakarta, has declined due to pollution from domestic, industrial, and agricultural activities. Communal wastewater treatment plants (CWWTPs) were established to address this issue; however, they have not been operating optimally, limiting their impact on improving water quality. Therefore, this study aims to 1) analyze the condition of water quality temporally and spatially in river sections in Yogyakarta City, 2) determine river water quality index temporally and spatially using Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environmental (CCME) method and Biodegradability Index (BI), 3) evaluate the level of water pollution between CCME method and BI, and 4) analyze water quality parameters influencing the pollution level. The study procedures were carried out using the institutional survey method, and data were obtained from temporal water quality monitoring by Yogyakarta City Environmental Service. Water quality assessment was based on standards according to Governor Regulation No. 20 of 2008. Evaluation of pollution levels was carried out using water quality index with CCME method and BI. The influence of dominant parameters was statistically tested using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that water quality in Yogyakarta City based on CCME method and BI was dominated by the poor and non-biodegradable categories. Between 2020 and 2023, the CCME and BI index values of rivers showed an increasing trend, indicating a reduction in pollution. The primary factors affecting water quality include NO₂, TDS, temperature, DO, NO₃, and total phosphate, originating from domestic and agricultural activities. In contrast, Cu, Zn, and Cd are primarily sourced from industrial activities.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Medan</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-03-27</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.unimed.ac.id/2012/index.php/geo/article/view/64244</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.24114/jg.v17i1.64244</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">JURNAL GEOGRAFI; Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL GEOGRAFI; 110-122</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2549-7057</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2085-8167</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.24114/jg.v17i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.unimed.ac.id/2012/index.php/geo/article/view/64244/26266</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Margaretha Widyastuti, Aldina Noer Azizah, Adinda Aprilia Fajriani</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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