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Critical Legal Analysis on Medicine or Vaccine License for Strengthening Access to Justice in Indonesia: A Case of Corona Vaccine Licensing

Jurnal IUS (Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan) · Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025) · hlm. 791–806

DOI
10.29303/ius.v13i3.1759
ISSN
2477-815X, 2303-3827
Terbit
2025-12-30
Penerbit
Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

This study examines the issue of voluntary licensing for COVID-19 vaccines as a case study to understand the interaction between patent protection, contractual obligations, and accountability mechanisms during a public health emergency. Although the debate on vaccine import and export is no longer central in 2025, analyzing voluntary licensing practices from the pandemic period remains relevant for evaluating the legal and governance frameworks applied at that time. The research focuses on the licensing agreement between PT Bio Farma (Persero) and Sinovac Biotech Co., which played a crucial role in Indonesia’s vaccine procurement and production. The analysis explores how the patent regime regulated under Law Number 13 of 2016 on Patents structured the rights and obligations of the parties, including risk allocation, liability provisions, and the licensor’s responsibilities regarding the safety and performance of the vaccine. Using a statutory and conceptual approach, this study argues that voluntary licensing during the pandemic was not merely a technical mechanism for transferring patent rights, but also a process intertwined with transparency requirements, risk mitigation, and legal protection for the state and end-users. The findings aim to contribute to the body of knowledge on health governance, patent licensing in emergency situations, and the development of more accountable vaccine procurement models for future health crises.

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  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Universitas Borneo Tarakan
  • Cenderawasih University
  • Universitas Hang Tuah
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Sri Endah KinasihAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Rachmat Dimas OktafenandaAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Agus Yudha HernokoUniversitas Airlangga2
Alaa Basil Baqer AlfadhelAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Eni SugiartiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Bambang Sugeng Ariadi SubagyonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Zahry Vandawati ChumaidaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Xavier NugrahaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Nur Ezan RahmatAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Patrick KeizerAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Christoph AntonsAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Syafruddin SyafruddinUniversitas Borneo Tarakan1
Fiska Silvia Raden RoroUniversitas Airlangga1
Bambang SuheryadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Noureldin Samy ElkhashabAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
IRFAN WAHYUDICenderawasih University1
Rachmah IdaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Toetik KoesbardiatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Seokkyu KimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dina SunyowatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Pradnya Paramitha Putri AriadhiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Edi Dwi RiyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Kisho TsuchiyaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lina PuryantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Gayung KasumaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Shintya Yulfa SeptiningrumAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Kukuh Pramono BudiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Baiq Elma PurnamawaditaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ria SetyawatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rahmi JenedUniversitas Airlangga1
Mas RahmahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nurul BarizahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lintang YudhantakaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Yohanes Sogar SimamoraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mokhamad Khoirul HudaUniversitas Hang Tuah1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jurnalius.ac.id/ojs/index.php/jurnalIUS/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Critical Legal Analysis on Medicine or Vaccine License for Strengthening Access to Justice in Indonesia: A Case of Corona Vaccine Licensing</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Sujatmiko, Agung</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Anand, Ghansham</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Romadhona, Mochamad Kevin</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Health</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Immunity</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">License Agreement</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Sinovac</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">This study examines the issue of voluntary licensing for COVID-19 vaccines as a case study to understand the interaction between patent protection, contractual obligations, and accountability mechanisms during a public health emergency. Although the debate on vaccine import and export is no longer central in 2025, analyzing voluntary licensing practices from the pandemic period remains relevant for evaluating the legal and governance frameworks applied at that time. The research focuses on the licensing agreement between PT Bio Farma (Persero) and Sinovac Biotech Co., which played a crucial role in Indonesia’s vaccine procurement and production. The analysis explores how the patent regime regulated under Law Number 13 of 2016 on Patents structured the rights and obligations of the parties, including risk allocation, liability provisions, and the licensor’s responsibilities regarding the safety and performance of the vaccine. Using a statutory and conceptual approach, this study argues that voluntary licensing during the pandemic was not merely a technical mechanism for transferring patent rights, but also a process intertwined with transparency requirements, risk mitigation, and legal protection for the state and end-users. The findings aim to contribute to the body of knowledge on health governance, patent licensing in emergency situations, and the development of more accountable vaccine procurement models for future health crises.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-12-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-Reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnalius.ac.id/ojs/index.php/jurnalIUS/article/view/1759</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.29303/ius.v13i3.1759</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan; Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan; 791-806</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2477-815X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2303-3827</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.29303/ius.v13i3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnalius.ac.id/ojs/index.php/jurnalIUS/article/view/1759/698</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Agung Sujatmiko, Ghansham Anand, Mochamad Kevin Romadhona</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>