Banking Crime Resolution through Violation Resolution: Analytical and Prescriptive Evaluation of Regulatory Reform

Abstrak

Inggris

Regulatory reform in the banking sector has become important in response to the growing complexity and dynamics of the financial industry. The rise of banking-related offences both those regulated under the Banking Law and those arising beyond its specific scope poses significant risks to national economic stability and may undermine public confidence in the banking system. This article provides an analytical and evaluative examination of recent regulatory reforms, focusing on the introduction of the violation resolution mechanism under Article 37D of Law No. 4 of 2023 concerning the development and strengthening of the Financial Sector (PPSK Law), as subsequently amended by Law No 4 of 2026. Rather than constituting a mere exercise of regulatory discretion, violation resolution is conceptualized as an adaptation of restorative justice principles to the distinctive characteristics of the banking sector. The study demonstrates that this mechanism emphasizes negotiated settlement, proportional accountability, and compensation, thereby balancing effective enforcement with the need to preserve financial-systemic stability. By situating violation resolution within criminological and regulatory scholarship, the article clarifies its normative foundations and implications for banking governance. Furthermore, the analysis substantively engages with Sustainable Development Goal 16 (peace, justice, and strong institutions), demonstrating how incorporation of restorative justice principle into financial regulation may strengthens institutional integrity, proportional enforcement, public trust, and contributes to resilient economic growth. This evaluative approach underscores that effective violation resolution is not rhetorical but substantive regulatory innovation that aligns legal certainty with sustainable development objectives.

Bahasa Indonesia

Reformasi regulasi sektor perbankan menjadi semakin penting di tengah meningkatnya kompleksitas dan dinamika industri keuangan. Maraknya Tindak Pidana Perbankan baik yang diatur dalam UU Perbankan maupun di luar UU Perbankan, berpotensi mengganggu stabilitas ekonomi nasional dan melemahkan kepercayaan publik terhadap sektor perbankan. Artikel ini membahas upaya strategis dalam penanganan tindak pidana perbankan melalui penyelesaian pelanggaran yang efektif dengan mengadopsi pendekatan keadilan restoratif sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 37 D UU No. 4 Tahun 2023 Tentang Pengembangan dan penguatan Sektor keuangan ( UU PPSK). Reformasi regulasi penyelesaian pelanggaran ini memperluas kewenangan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) untuk menggunakan “penyelesaian pelanggaran” dalam penyelesaian pelanggaran pidana perbankan. Melalui pendekatan keadilan restoratif sebagai konsep dasar, penyelesaian pelanggaran menggunakan kesepakatan sebagai sarana menciptakan penegakan hukum yang berkeadilan bagi para pihak dan memberikan kesempatan bagi pelaku untuk bertanggung jawab atas pelanggaran yang dilakukan melalui ganti rugi dan sanksi lainnya. Penyelesaian pelanggaran ini sejalan dengan tujuan 16 Sustainable Development Goal’s ( SDG’s) yang berfokus pada perdamaian, keadilan, dan institusi yang kuat, termasuk penegakan hukum yang efektif. Melalui penegakan hukum yang berkeadilan, kepercayaan terhadap industri perbankan, sehingga mampu mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dan stabilitas sistem keuangan nasional.

Kata kunci

• Banking Crimes
• Financial Governance
• Regulatory Reform
• SDG’s
• Violation Resolution
• Industri Perbankan
• Penyelesaian Pelanggaran
• Reformasi Regulasi