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Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Microalgae Dunaliella salina and Botryococcus braunii

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan · Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023) · hlm. 438–447

DOI
10.20473/jipk.v15i2.36740
ISSN
2528-0759, 2085-5842
Terbit
2023-05-30
Penerbit
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Highlight Research The methanolic extracts of salinaand B. braunii contained alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and saponins. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids were most abundant in the ethyl acetate extracts of salinaand B. braunii. The maximum total phenolic content was observed in the n-hexane extract of salina(61.28 mg GAE/g sample) and the ethyl acetate extract of B. braunii (46.94 mg GAE/g sample). The n-hexane extracts exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, whereas saponins were most abundant in the methanol extracts. Abstract Microalgal species such as Dunaliella salina and Botryococcus braunii are reportedly rich in natural antioxidants and phytochemicals. This study aimed to determine the phytochemicals and the antioxidant activity of D. salina and B. braunii. Microalgal samples were obtained from the Brackish Water Cultivation Fisheries Center (BPBAP), Situbondo, East Java. The extracts were prepared using the multilevel maceration method. The antioxidant activity of the algal species was analyzed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydraxyl (DPPH). Quantitative analysis revealed that D. salina and B. braunii contained antioxidants, indicated by the appearance of yellow spots on the purple background of the TLC plate. The n-hexane extract of D. salina exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 443.28 ppm, 61.28 mg GAE/g sample of total phenolics, 0.106 mg/g of chlorophyll a, 0.165 mg/g of chlorophyll b, and 1,697 mol/g of carotenoids. In contrast, the ethyl acetate extract of B. braunii exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 634.55 ppm, 46.94 mg GAE/g sample of total phenolics, 18.146 mg/g of chlorophyll a, 12.592 mg/g of chlorophyll b, and 4573 mol/g of carotenoids. The microalgal species used in this study exhibited extremely weak antioxidant activity.

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  • Diponegoro University
  • University of Bangka Belitung
  • Universitas Ma Chung
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • Shizuoka University
  • Universitas Trunodjoyo Madura
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Wilis Ari SetyatiDiponegoro University5
Ali DjunaediDiponegoro University4
Rini PramestiDiponegoro University3
Ervia YudiatiDiponegoro University2
Widianingsih WidianingsihDiponegoro University2
Ambariyanto AmbariyantoDiponegoro University2
Rini WidyadmiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Amelia Cahya AnggelinaDiponegoro University1
Muhammad Syaifudien BahryDiponegoro University1
Ria Azizah Tri NuraeniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Endang Sri SusiloDiponegoro University1
Agus TriantoDiponegoro University1
Dear Berliana PutriDiponegoro University1
Marwa Irfan HanifDiponegoro University1
Esti RudianaDiponegoro University1
Tatas Hardo Panintingjati BrotosudarmoUniversitas Ma Chung1
Edi SetiyonoUniversitas Ma Chung1
Koichiro AwaiShizuoka University1
Subagiyo Su8bagiyoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Person Pesona RentaDiponegoro University1
Subagiyo SubagiyoDiponegoro University1
Masnah JumiatiDiponegoro University1
Ali RidhoDiponegoro University1
Dwi Haryo IsmunartiDiponegoro University1
Endang SupriyantiniDiponegoro University1
Sri SejatiDiponegoro University1
Nur Taufiq-SpjDiponegoro University1
Pribadi RudhiDiponegoro University1
Aries Dwi SiswantoUniversitas Trunodjoyo Madura1
Nuryanto NuryantoDiponegoro University1
Verry Andre FabianiUniversity of Bangka Belitung1
Umroh UmrohUniversity of Bangka Belitung1
Suci Puspita SariUniversity of Bangka Belitung1
Retno HartatiDiponegoro University1
Putut Har RiyadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Laode Muhamad Hazairin Nadia HazairinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/index.php/JIPK/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Microalgae Dunaliella salina and Botryococcus braunii</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Ridlo, Ali</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Pringgenies, Delianis</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Perangin-angin, Ribka Anindita Br </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ariyanto, Dafit</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Carotenoids</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Chlorophylls</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">DPPH</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">microalgae</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">total phenolics</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Highlight Research

The methanolic extracts of  salinaand B. braunii contained alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and saponins.
Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids were most abundant in the ethyl acetate extracts of salinaand B. braunii.
The maximum total phenolic content was observed in the n-hexane extract of  salina(61.28 mg GAE/g sample) and the ethyl acetate extract of B. braunii (46.94 mg GAE/g sample).
The n-hexane extracts exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, whereas saponins were most abundant in the methanol extracts.

Abstract
Microalgal species such as Dunaliella salina and Botryococcus braunii are reportedly rich in natural antioxidants and phytochemicals. This study aimed to determine the phytochemicals and the antioxidant activity of D. salina and B. braunii. Microalgal samples were obtained from the Brackish Water Cultivation Fisheries Center (BPBAP), Situbondo, East Java. The extracts were prepared using the multilevel maceration method. The antioxidant activity of the algal species was analyzed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydraxyl (DPPH). Quantitative analysis revealed that D. salina and B. braunii contained antioxidants, indicated by the appearance of yellow spots on the purple background of the TLC plate. The n-hexane extract of D. salina exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 443.28 ppm, 61.28 mg GAE/g sample of total phenolics, 0.106 mg/g of chlorophyll a, 0.165 mg/g of chlorophyll b, and 1,697 mol/g of carotenoids. In contrast, the ethyl acetate extract of B. braunii exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 634.55 ppm, 46.94 mg GAE/g sample of total phenolics, 18.146 mg/g of chlorophyll a, 12.592 mg/g of chlorophyll b, and 4573 mol/g of carotenoids. The microalgal species used in this study exhibited extremely weak antioxidant activity.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-05-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/36740</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/jipk.v15i2.36740</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN; 438-447</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-0759</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2085-5842</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/36740/41135</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/36740/25789</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>