Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Akses terbuka Jurnal SINTA 1

Spatio - Temporal Distribution of Nitrate and Phosphate in Serayu Watershed, Central Java, Indonesia

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan · Vol. 17 No. 3 (2025) · hlm. 749–765

DOI
10.20473/jipk.v17i3.72871
ISSN
2528-0759, 2085-5842
Terbit
2025-07-23
Penerbit
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research First study to analyze the three-year spatiotemporal distribution of nitrate and phosphate in the Serayu River Basin. Reveals seasonal and spatial nutrient hotspots linked to agricultural runoff and domestic activities. Identifies strong correlations: nitrate with TSS and COD (2021), and phosphate with COD (2021–2022) and pH (2023). Supports integrated watershed management through evidence-based nutrient pollution assessment using PCA and spatial mapping. Abstract The Serayu Watershed is a vital area in Indonesia, where agricultural runoff contributes to nutrient enrichment in rivers. This study offers novelty as it is the first to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of nitrate and phosphate in the Serayu River over a three-year period (2021–2023). The research aims to support sustainable watershed management by examining nutrient dynamics and their correlation with environmental parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, total suspended solids (TSS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Water sampling was conducted at 15 stations across upstream, midstream, and downstream segments. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and PAST 4.03, applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and biplot methods. Results showed nitrate levels were highest downstream in 2021, but shifted upstream in 2022–2023, likely due to organic matter decomposition. Phosphate remained highest midstream throughout the period, linked to domestic activity and land use. Nitrate levels fluctuated seasonally, especially during the rainy season, while phosphate levels were relatively stable. Spatial mapping highlighted dynamic nitrate changes in Banjarnegara and Cilacap, with phosphate distribution remaining more uniform. Correlation analysis revealed nitrate was related to TSS and COD in 2021, had no significant correlation in 2022, and was linked with pH in 2023. Phosphate consistently correlated with COD and pH. These findings emphasize that both natural and human-induced factors drive nutrient variability in the Serayu watershed, underlining the urgency of integrated watershed management to control nutrient pollution and protect water quality.

Kata kunci

Jaringan kolaborasi para penulis

40 penulis · 153 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 80 lintas organisasi

Arahkan kursor atau ketuk sebuah nama untuk menyorot rekan penulisnya. Klik dua kali untuk membuka halaman penulis.

  • Jenderal Soedirman University
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • State University of Jakarta
  • Hasanuddin University
  • Diponegoro University
  • Université Sultan Moulay Slimane
  • University of Indonesia
  • Organisasi lain
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Garis lebih tebal = lebih banyak artikel bersama · lingkaran lebih besar = lebih banyak artikel
Tampilkan sebagai tabel
Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Abdul HarisHasanuddin University2
Iqbal Ali HusniJenderal Soedirman University2
Rizqi Rizaldi HidayatJenderal Soedirman University2
Winarni NurshofiaJenderal Soedirman University2
Yogi PutrantoMinistry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries2
Hendrayana HendrayanaJenderal Soedirman University2
Arif MahdianaJenderal Soedirman University2
Isdy SulistyoJenderal Soedirman University2
Agus SalimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Yuriza EshanandaJenderal Soedirman University1
Synta Haqqul FadlilahJenderal Soedirman University1
Nur FitriantoNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Hermin Pancasakti KusumaningrumDiponegoro University1
Marina SilalahiUniversitas Kristen Indonesia1
Nisyawati NisyawatiUniversity of Indonesia1
Hendra HelmantoNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Rizmoon Nurul ZukarnaenNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Muktiningsih NurjayadiState University of Jakarta1
Fera KurniadewiState University of Jakarta1
Amron AmronJenderal Soedirman University1
Dyahruri SanjayasariJenderal Soedirman University1
Wahyu Adi SeptrionoJenderal Soedirman University1
Supono SuponoNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Mahardhika Nur PermatasariJenderal Soedirman University1
Hery IrawanJenderal Soedirman University1
Ainulyakin Hasan ImlaniMindanao State University - Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography1
Ocky Karna RadjasaDiponegoro University1
Agung Dhamar SyaktiJenderal Soedirman University1
Riyanti RiyantiJenderal Soedirman University1
Meris RahmawatiJenderal Soedirman University1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/index.php/JIPK/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Spatio - Temporal Distribution of Nitrate and Phosphate in Serayu Watershed, Central Java, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Vita Hidayati, Nuning</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Arviani, Ilma Azizah </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Rani Samudra, Sesilia</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Agus Salim</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Dewi Wisudyanti Budi Hastuti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nabela Fikriyya</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Abdul Malik Firdaus</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Tri Susanti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ghofar Ismail Putra</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>El Mountassir El Mouchtari</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Nutrient</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Watershed</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Serayu river</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Water pollution</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Graphical Abstract

 
Highlight Research

First study to analyze the three-year spatiotemporal distribution of nitrate and phosphate in the Serayu River Basin.
Reveals seasonal and spatial nutrient hotspots linked to agricultural runoff and domestic activities.
Identifies strong correlations: nitrate with TSS and COD (2021), and phosphate with COD (2021–2022) and pH (2023).
Supports integrated watershed management through evidence-based nutrient pollution assessment using PCA and spatial mapping.

 
 
Abstract
The Serayu Watershed is a vital area in Indonesia, where agricultural runoff contributes to nutrient enrichment in rivers. This study offers novelty as it is the first to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of nitrate and phosphate in the Serayu River over a three-year period (2021–2023). The research aims to support sustainable watershed management by examining nutrient dynamics and their correlation with environmental parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, total suspended solids (TSS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Water sampling was conducted at 15 stations across upstream, midstream, and downstream segments. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and PAST 4.03, applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and biplot methods. Results showed nitrate levels were highest downstream in 2021, but shifted upstream in 2022–2023, likely due to organic matter decomposition. Phosphate remained highest midstream throughout the period, linked to domestic activity and land use. Nitrate levels fluctuated seasonally, especially during the rainy season, while phosphate levels were relatively stable. Spatial mapping highlighted dynamic nitrate changes in Banjarnegara and Cilacap, with phosphate distribution remaining more uniform. Correlation analysis revealed nitrate was related to TSS and COD in 2021, had no significant correlation in 2022, and was linked with pH in 2023. Phosphate consistently correlated with COD and pH. These findings emphasize that both natural and human-induced factors drive nutrient variability in the Serayu watershed, underlining the urgency of integrated watershed management to control nutrient pollution and protect water quality.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-23</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/72871</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/jipk.v17i3.72871</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan; Vol. 17 No. 3 (2025): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN; 749-765</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-0759</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2085-5842</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/72871/35321</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/72871/33788</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>