Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Akses terbuka Jurnal SINTA 1

Characterization of Agar Extracted from Farmed Gracilaria sp. via Different Alkaline and Temperature Treatments

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan · Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025) · hlm. 260–271

DOI
10.20473/jipk.v18i1.79709
ISSN
2528-0759, 2085-5842
Terbit
2025-11-28
Penerbit
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research 7% NaOH gave the highest agar yield (13.54%) and gel strength (49.53 g/cm²). High alkali and heat reduced phytochemical content. FTIR showed structural degradation at elevated temperatures. Nutritional profile suggests similarity to Gracilaria changii. Abstract The growing industrial demand for agar underscores the need for efficient, sustainable extraction methods that ensure both high yield and product quality. However, optimizing key processing parameters for agar extraction from farmed Gracilaria sp. remains a challenge due to variations in species composition, cultivation environment, and extraction practices. Current production often relies on empirical or non-standardized conditions, leading to inconsistencies in gel strength, color, and purity that affect industrial applicability. This study examines the properties of agar extracted from an unidentified Gracilaria species, with characteristics closely matching Gracilaria changii. Using different NaOH concentrations (3%, 5%, 7%) and temperatures (70°C, 80°C, 90°C), the effects on agar yield, gel strength, color, water retention capacity (WRC), and structure were analyzed. The highest agar yield (13.54%) was obtained at 90°C with 7% NaOH, while the best gel strength (49.53 g/cm²) was recorded at 80°C under the same alkali concentration. FTIR confirmed polysaccharide features but revealed degradation at higher temperatures. Overall, 7% NaOH was identified as the optimal alkali concentration, balancing high yield and desirable gel properties. These findings offer valuable insights for enhancing agar extraction efficiency from Gracilaria sp. and advancing standardization in industrial agar production.

Kata kunci

Jaringan kolaborasi para penulis

40 penulis · 240 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 38 lintas organisasi

Arahkan kursor atau ketuk sebuah nama untuk menyorot rekan penulisnya. Klik dua kali untuk membuka halaman penulis.

  • Hasanuddin University
  • University of Kuala Lumpur
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • Indonesian Institute of Sciences
  • Indonesia University of Education
  • Lambung Mangkurat University
  • Organisasi lain
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Garis lebih tebal = lebih banyak artikel bersama · lingkaran lebih besar = lebih banyak artikel
Tampilkan sebagai tabel
Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Wilma Joanna Carolina MokaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Asri YantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Andi HaerulHasanuddin University1
Basse Siang ParawansaHasanuddin University1
Khusnul YaqinHasanuddin University1
Sri Wahyuni RahimHasanuddin University1
Hadiratul KudsiahHasanuddin University1
Sharifuddin Bin Andy OmarHasanuddin University1
Moh. Tauhid UmarHasanuddin University1
Budiman YunusHasanuddin University1
J TresnatiHasanuddin University1
NadiartiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Zabhika Dinda IstnaeniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nita RukminasariHasanuddin University1
Nur Aisyah AinunHasanuddin University1
Wahju TjahjaningsihUniversitas Airlangga1
Rahayu KusdarwatiUniversitas Airlangga1
Annur Ahadi AbdillahUniversitas Airlangga1
Apip AmrullahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Obie FarobieAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Widya FatriasariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Swastika PraharyawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Delicia Yunita RahmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ayu Lana NafisyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Marsiti ApriastiniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Puji Rahmawati NurcahyaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Apip AmrullahLambung Mangkurat University1
Obie FarobieIPB University1
Swastika PraharyawanIndonesian Institute of Sciences1
Delicia Yunita RahmanNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Marsiti ApriastiniNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Puji Rahmawati NurcahyaniIndonesia University of Education1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/index.php/JIPK/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Characterization of Agar Extracted from Farmed Gracilaria sp. via Different Alkaline and Temperature Treatments</dc:title>
	<dc:creator> Noorain, Roslan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nur Atiqah Jahim</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mohd Edyazuan Azni</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Sharifah Mariam Sayed Hitam</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Rozyanti Mohamad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ahmad Shoiful</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Jamaluddin Fitrah Alam</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ayu Lana Nafisyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Red seaweed</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Agar extraction</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Alkaline treatment</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Gel strength</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Graphical Abstract 

Highlight Research

7% NaOH gave the highest agar yield (13.54%) and gel strength (49.53 g/cm²).
High alkali and heat reduced phytochemical content.
FTIR showed structural degradation at elevated temperatures.
Nutritional profile suggests similarity to Gracilaria changii.

 
Abstract
The growing industrial demand for agar underscores the need for efficient, sustainable extraction methods that ensure both high yield and product quality. However, optimizing key processing parameters for agar extraction from farmed Gracilaria sp. remains a challenge due to variations in species composition, cultivation environment, and extraction practices. Current production often relies on empirical or non-standardized conditions, leading to inconsistencies in gel strength, color, and purity that affect industrial applicability. This study examines the properties of agar extracted from an unidentified Gracilaria species, with characteristics closely matching Gracilaria changii. Using different NaOH concentrations (3%, 5%, 7%) and temperatures (70°C, 80°C, 90°C), the effects on agar yield, gel strength, color, water retention capacity (WRC), and structure were analyzed. The highest agar yield (13.54%) was obtained at 90°C with 7% NaOH, while the best gel strength (49.53 g/cm²) was recorded at 80°C under the same alkali concentration. FTIR confirmed polysaccharide features but revealed degradation at higher temperatures. Overall, 7% NaOH was identified as the optimal alkali concentration, balancing high yield and desirable gel properties. These findings offer valuable insights for enhancing agar extraction efficiency from Gracilaria sp. and advancing standardization in industrial agar production.
 </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-11-28</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/79709</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/jipk.v18i1.79709</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan; Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN; 260-271</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-0759</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2085-5842</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/79709/40619</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIPK/article/view/79709/35535</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>