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Investigation of Trypanosoma evansi in Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in Indonesia Using Various Methods

Jurnal Medik Veteriner · Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024) · hlm. 155–162

DOI
10.20473/jmv.vol7.iss1.2024.155-162
ISSN
2581-012X, 2615-7497
Terbit
2024-04-01
Penerbit
Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Trypanosoma evansi is a widespread hemoprotozoa that causes trypanosomiasis in both livestock and wildlife. One of the susceptible animals is the Sumatran elephant, which is included in the endangered species category. The infection of this parasite often develops into chronic and sub-clinical forms in elephants, therefore it may become unnoticed and hard to diagnose. This study aimed to analyze and evaluate the infection of T. evansi in semi-captive Sumatran elephants in Way Kambas National Park, Indonesia, using various diagnostic tests. The prevalence of T. evansi in a total of 53 Sumatran elephants was estimated using a card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis (CATT) in 2016. A longitudinal study was later conducted in 2019 using Giemsa stained blood smear (GSBS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that 26.4% of samples (14/53) were positively detected by both CATT in 2016 and PCR in 2019, while GSBS was unable to detect the parasites in all samples. Furthermore, four individuals were confirmed to have persistent infections. This study concluded that the ability of CATT and PCR were more convincing over GSBS for the diagnosis of sub-clinical trypanosomiasis in Sumatran elephants. However, it is recommended to use a combination of CATT as a screening tool and PCR as a confirmatory test for reliable results.

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  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya
  • Indonesian Institute of Sciences
  • IPB University
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • Bandung Institute of Technology
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  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Mufasirin MufasirinUniversitas Airlangga3
Endang SuprihatiUniversitas Airlangga3
Ulfah Juniarti SiregarIPB University2
Eko Agus SuyonoUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Arief Taufik BudimanUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Heni PuspitasariUniversitas Airlangga2
Eduardus Bimo AksonoUniversitas Airlangga2
Aswin Rafif KhairullahNational Research and Innovation Agency2
Awistaros Angger SaktiIndonesian Institute of Sciences2
KustantinahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Bambang SuwignyoUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Ahmad SofyanIndonesian Institute of Sciences2
Mochammad Donny KoerniawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
M Iqbal Maulana GintingUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Gunanti MahasriUniversitas Airlangga1
Rachma Woro AnggaraniUniversitas Airlangga1
Mahendra PujiyantoUniversitas Airlangga1
Zhaza AfilillaUniversitas Airlangga1
Lilik MaslachahUniversitas Airlangga1
Thomas Valentinus WidiyatnoUniversitas Airlangga1
Mochamad Donny KoerniawanBandung Institute of Technology1
Julianty AlmetUniversitas Airlangga1
Annytha Ina Rohi DethaUniversity of Nusa Cendana1
Ryanka EdilaUniversitas Airlangga1
Jose M. ObedencioAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Siti Gusti NingrumUniversitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya1
Mukhammad Zakkiyah IlhamUniversitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya1
Andreas Berny YuliantoUniversitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya1
Olan Rahayu Puji Astuti NussaUniversitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya1
Dyah Ayu KurniawatiIndonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development1
‪Nunuk Dyah Retno Lastuti‬Universitas Airlangga1
Setiawan KoesdartoUniversitas Airlangga1
Arif PratiwiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mustofa Helmi EffendiUniversitas Airlangga1
Shinta Levea Ni'matul FadlilahUniversitas Airlangga1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JMV/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Investigation of Trypanosoma evansi in Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in Indonesia Using Various Methods</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Purnamasari, Kartika</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nurcahyo, Wisnu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nursalim, Muhammad Tauhid</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Suwanti, Lucia Tri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Estoepangestie, Agnes Theresia Soelih</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">card agglutination test</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">giemsa stain</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">polymerase chain reaction</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Sumatran elephant</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Trypanosoma evansi is a widespread hemoprotozoa that causes trypanosomiasis in both livestock and wildlife. One of the susceptible animals is the Sumatran elephant, which is included in the endangered species category. The infection of this parasite often develops into chronic and sub-clinical forms in elephants, therefore it may become unnoticed and hard to diagnose. This study aimed to analyze and evaluate the infection of T. evansi in semi-captive Sumatran elephants in Way Kambas National Park, Indonesia, using various diagnostic tests. The prevalence of T. evansi in a total of 53 Sumatran elephants was estimated using a card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis (CATT) in 2016. A longitudinal study was later conducted in 2019 using Giemsa stained blood smear (GSBS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that 26.4% of samples (14/53) were positively detected by both CATT in 2016 and PCR in 2019, while GSBS was unable to detect the parasites in all samples. Furthermore, four individuals were confirmed to have persistent infections. This study concluded that the ability of CATT and PCR were more convincing over GSBS for the diagnosis of sub-clinical trypanosomiasis in Sumatran elephants. However, it is recommended to use a combination of CATT as a screening tool and PCR as a confirmatory test for reliable results.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2024-04-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JMV/article/view/49428</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/jmv.vol7.iss1.2024.155-162</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal Medik Veteriner; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): April; 155-162</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2581-012X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2615-7497</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JMV/article/view/49428/28269</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2024 Kartika Purnamasari, Wisnu Nurcahyo, Muhammad Tauhid Nursalim, Lucia Tri Suwanti, Agnes Theresia Soelih Estoepangestie</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>