The quality of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) on one-day fishing in Gulf of Bone, South Sulawesi, Indonesia: Kualitas ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) hasil penangkapan one-day fishing di Teluk Bone, Indonesia

Abstrak

Inggris

One-day fishing, a brief fishing endeavor lasting less than 24 h, entails bringing the catch directly to shore, thereby preserving the freshness of the captured fish. Nonetheless, studies investigating the correlation between one-day fishing techniques and catch quality are scarce. This study aimed to determine the quality of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) caught in one-day fishing in Gulf of Bone, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The research methods included organoleptic, physicochemical (temperature and pH), microbiological (total plate count/TPC), and histamine level analyses. The sampling method used purposive sampling by means of skipjack tuna caught from three one-day fishing fleets, each taking 1–2 fish with a weight of between 1.8-2 kg, and then analyzed in a quality testing laboratory within three hours after landing. The organoleptic test results showed very good quality, with values ranging from 8.23 to 8.81. The physicochemical parameters showed a fish meat temperature of 3.42–5°C and pH of 6.21–6.51, which are still within the range of fresh fish. The TPC value was 9.1×10³–9.9×10³ CFU/g, which is far below the threshold of national and international standards. Histamine levels ranged from 3.46–4.22 mg/kg, well below the maximum limit of 30–50 mg/kg set by the food safety standards. Overall, the study results confirmed that the one-day fishing method using trolling lines can produce skipjack tuna with excellent organoleptic, physicochemical, and microbiological qualities that are safe for human consumption.

Bahasa Indonesia

One-day fishing, merupakan kegiatan melaut dengan durasi singkat kurang dari 24 jam, melibatkan pengangkutan hasil tangkapan langsung ke darat sehingga menjaga kesegaran ikan yang ditangkap. Namun, penelitian yang secara spesifik menyoroti keterkaitan antara metode one-day fishing dan kualitas hasil tangkapan masih terbatas Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan mutu ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) hasil tangkapan nelayan one day fishing di Teluk Bone, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. Metode penelitian meliputi uji organoleptik, fisikokimia (suhu dan pH), mikrobiologi (total plate count/TPC) dan kadar histamin. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan cara ikan cakalang hasil tangkapan dari tiga armada kapal nelayan one-day fishing masing-masing di ambil 1–2 ekor ikan dengan berat per ekor ikan antara 1.8–2 kg, selanjutnya dianalisis di laboratorium pengujian mutu dalam waktu kurang dari tiga jam setelah pendaratan. Hasil uji organoleptik menunjukkan mutu sangat baik dengan nilai berkisar 8,23–8,81. Parameter fisikokimia menunjukkan suhu daging ikan 3,42–5°C dan pH 6,21–6,51, yang masih berada dalam kisaran ikan segar. Nilai TPC sebesar 9,1×10³–9,9×10³ CFU/g, jauh di bawah ambang batas standar nasional maupun internasional. Kadar histamin berkisar 3,46–4,22 mg/kg, jauh di bawah batas maksimum 30–50 mg/kg yang ditetapkan standar keamanan pangan. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian mengonfirmasi bahwa metode one- day fishing dengan pancing tonda mampu menghasilkan ikan cakalang dengan mutu organoleptik, fisikokimia, dan mikrobiologis yang sangat baik serta aman dikonsumsi.

Kata kunci

• cold chain
• food safety
• microbiological
• physicochemical
• trolling line
• fisikokimia
• keamanan pangan
• mikrobiologi
• pancing tonda
• rantai dingin