Characteristics of Purified Lignin Obtained from Metroxylon Sagu Palm Fronds, Oil Palm Fronds, Cratoxylum arborescens, and Eucalyptus pellita via Soda-Methylanthraquinone Pulping

Evelyn, Evelyn; Utami, Syelvia Putri; Yusnimar, Yusnimar; Fermi, Iwan; Chairul, Chairul; Ohi, Hiroshi

doi:10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.3.11016

Jurnal SINTA 1

Characteristics of Purified Lignin Obtained from Metroxylon Sagu Palm Fronds, Oil Palm Fronds, Cratoxylum arborescens, and Eucalyptus pellita via Soda-Methylanthraquinone Pulping

Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia · Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025) · hlm. 424–433

DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.3.11016
ISSN: 2503-0310, 1907-9761
Terbit: 2025-11-25
Penerbit: Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
Bahasa: eng

Abstrak

ABSTRACT. Lignin is a valuable material that can be obtained from the black liquor generated during dissolving pulp production from lignocellulosic materials. Lignin can be used to produce biopolymers, fuels, value-added chemicals, and other functional materials. This study investigates the isolation and characterization of lignin from four lignocellulosic biomass sources i.e. Metroxylon sagu palm fronds (SPF), oil palm fronds (OPF), Cratoxylum arborescens, and Eucalyptus pellita using environmentally friendly soda–methylanthraquinone (soda–MAQ, 160 ºC for 1.5 h) pulping followed by acid precipitation with hydrochloric acid (pH 2.0-2.5). The lignin yield varied among the materials (68.3-88.8%), with E. pellita showing the highest recovery. SEM analysis revealed distinct differences in lignin morphology, where E. pellita lignin exhibited a more condensed and homogeneous structure compared to the more fragmented forms from non-wood biomass. FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of guaiacyl, syringyl, and hydroxyl phenol units in all samples. EDX analysis supported the natural lignin composition, especially in E. pellita, OPF, and C. arborescens. Among the four sources, lignin from E. pellita demonstrated the greatest potential for value-added applications, followed by C. arborescens and OPF. These findings provide valuable insight into lignin recovery from diverse biomass and its suitability for further bioproduct development. Keywords: Biomass, characterization, dissolving pulp, lignin, soda-methylanthraquinone

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Riau University
University of Tsukuba
Universitas Jambi
Universitas Nusa Bangsa
National Research and Innovation Agency
Andalas University
Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
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Rekan penulis	Organisasi	Artikel bersama
Amun Amri	Riau University	2
Geovani Meiwanda	Riau University	1
Radith Mahatma	Riau University	1
Romi Kurniadi	Universitas Jambi	1
Agrina Agrina	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Besri Nasrul	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Sri Endang Kornita	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Zahtamal Zahtamal	Riau University	1
Dahlan Tampubolon	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Hengki Firmanda	Riau University	1
Indra Lesmana	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Febrialismanto Febrialismanto	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Ade Ayu Oksari	Universitas Nusa Bangsa	1
Irvan Fadli Wanda	National Research and Innovation Agency	1
Erizal Mukhtar	Andalas University	1
Evelyn	Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia	1
Chairul	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Sri Wahdini Rahmi	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Khairat	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Yusnimar Sahan	Riau University	1
Syamsu Herman	Riau University	1
Diana Eka Putri	Riau University	1
Dhina Febryza	Riau University	1
Hussein Ali Jan Miran	University of Baghdad	1
Salsabilla Diva Voadi	Riau University	1
M. Mahbubur Rahman	Jahangirnagar University	1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/jm/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.

Metadata asli (oai_dc)

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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US"> Characteristics of Purified Lignin Obtained from Metroxylon Sagu Palm Fronds, Oil Palm Fronds, Cratoxylum arborescens, and Eucalyptus pellita via Soda-Methylanthraquinone Pulping</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Evelyn, Evelyn</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Utami, Syelvia Putri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Yusnimar, Yusnimar</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Fermi, Iwan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Chairul, Chairul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ohi, Hiroshi</dc:creator>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">ABSTRACT. Lignin is a valuable material that can be obtained from the black liquor generated during dissolving pulp production from lignocellulosic materials. Lignin can be used to produce biopolymers, fuels, value-added chemicals, and other functional materials. This study investigates the isolation and characterization of lignin from four lignocellulosic biomass sources i.e. Metroxylon sagu palm fronds (SPF), oil palm fronds (OPF), Cratoxylum arborescens, and Eucalyptus pellita using environmentally friendly soda–methylanthraquinone (soda–MAQ, 160 ºC for 1.5 h) pulping followed by acid precipitation with hydrochloric acid (pH 2.0-2.5). The lignin yield varied among the materials (68.3-88.8%), with E. pellita showing the highest recovery. SEM analysis revealed distinct differences in lignin morphology, where E. pellita lignin exhibited a more condensed and homogeneous structure compared to the more fragmented forms from non-wood biomass. FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of guaiacyl, syringyl, and hydroxyl phenol units in all samples. EDX analysis supported the natural lignin composition, especially in E. pellita, OPF, and C. arborescens. Among the four sources, lignin from E. pellita demonstrated the greatest potential for value-added applications, followed by C. arborescens and OPF. These findings provide valuable insight into lignin recovery from diverse biomass and its suitability for further bioproduct development.
&amp;nbsp;
Keywords: Biomass, characterization, dissolving pulp, lignin, soda-methylanthraquinone</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Jenderal Soedirman</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-11-25</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/jm/article/view/11016</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.3.11016</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Molekul; Vol 20 No 3 (2025); 424-433</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2503-0310</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1907-9761</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/jm/article/view/11016/7545</dc:relation>
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