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Experiences of Mental Health Challenges among Vulnerable Groups in Indonesia

Nurse Media Journal of Nursing · Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 261–276

DOI
10.14710/nmjn.v16i2.77275
ISSN
2406-8799, 2087-7811
Terbit
2026-08-31
Penerbit
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Background: Despite growing global recognition of mental health needs, qualitative evidence on how different vulnerable populations in Indonesia experience mental health challenges and navigate help-seeking within the same sociocultural context remains limited. This knowledge gap may result in unrecognized psychosocial needs, underutilization of mental health services, insufficiently tailored interventions, and persistent inequities in mental health service provision.Purpose: This study explored the experiences of mental health challenges among vulnerable populations, including adolescents, university students, pregnant and postpartum women, and caregivers of individuals with severe mental illness.Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was employed. Data were collected through five focus group discussions (FGDs) with 18 participants recruited through purposive sampling in the Special Region of Yogyakarta: three pregnant women, three postpartum women, four caregivers of individuals with severe mental illness, four adolescents, and four university students. Source triangulation was conducted through an additional FGD involving five mental health care providers. Verbatim Indonesian transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis with manual coding supported by Microsoft Excel. Trustworthiness was enhanced through peer debriefing and cross-verification among the research team.Results: Three overarching themes emerged: (1) root causes of mental health vulnerability, encompassing family- and perinatal-related stressors, developmental and identity-related stress, and caregiving burden and social exclusion; (2) coping and help-seeking practices, shaped by emotional disclosure preferences, support systems, and mental health literacy; and (3) structural gaps in mental health services, including inadequate service integration, logistical barriers, and mistrust of care quality. Help-seeking preferences varied across vulnerable groups and were influenced by stigma, concerns about confidentiality, and perceived accessibility of mental health services.Conclusion: Vulnerable populations experience mental health challenges through distinct psychosocial stressors, coping strategies, and help-seeking behaviors. These findings underscore the need for person-centered, culturally responsive, and population-specific mental health services that address the diverse needs of vulnerable groups.

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  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Hasanuddin University
  • State University of Makassar
  • Universitas Syiah Kuala
  • Universitas Karya Husada Semarang
  • STIKES Hang Tuah Surabaya
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Ah YusufUniversitas Airlangga8
Dwi Indah IswantiUniversitas Karya Husada Semarang4
Zamzaliza Abdul MuludUniversiti Teknologi MARA4
Dianis Wulan SariUniversitas Airlangga4
Lela NurlelaSTIKES Hang Tuah Surabaya4
Rr Dian TristianaUniversitas Airlangga2
Iskandar IskandarState University of Makassar2
Nursalam NursalamUniversitas Airlangga2
Ah. YusufUniversitas Airlangga2
Dian Sidik ArsyadHasanuddin University2
Kusrini KadarHasanuddin University2
Andriani AndrianiHasanuddin University2
Miftahul Jannah BasrahHasanuddin University2
Sri MulyaniUniversitas Jambi1
Tanah Cinta IndonesiaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Sawab SawabKementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia1
Hanif Eka CahyaniUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Hanin AssyifaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Ibrahim RahmatUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Shanty Amalia SumaiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Hanik Endang NihayatiUniversitas Airlangga1
Wiwin SulistyawatiUniversitas Airlangga1
Chong Mei ChanUniversity of Malaya1
Rachmat HargonoUniversitas Airlangga1
Devis Yulia RohmanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Retnayu PradanieUniversitas Airlangga1
Citra Danurwenda RahmahUniversitas Airlangga1
Hidayatus SyadiyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Iin MaliahUniversitas Airlangga1
Galuh Adjeng AmbarwatiUniversitas Airlangga1
Rafidah Farah DibaUniversitas Airlangga1
Nurlaila FitrianiHasanuddin University1
Karmila SarihHasanuddin University1
Wirawan SetialaksanaState University of Makassar1
Suni HariatiHasanuddin University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Experiences of Mental Health Challenges among Vulnerable Groups in Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Warsini, Sri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kristanti, Martina Sinta</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nurjannah, Intansari</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Fitryasari, Rizki</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Marthoenis, Marthoenis</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Help-seeking behaviour; Indonesia; mental health; qualitative research; vulnerable populations</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Background: Despite growing global recognition of mental health needs, qualitative evidence on how different vulnerable populations in Indonesia experience mental health challenges and navigate help-seeking within the same sociocultural context remains limited. This knowledge gap may result in unrecognized psychosocial needs, underutilization of mental health services, insufficiently tailored interventions, and persistent inequities in mental health service provision.Purpose: This study explored the experiences of mental health challenges among vulnerable populations, including adolescents, university students, pregnant and postpartum women, and caregivers of individuals with severe mental illness.Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was employed. Data were collected through five focus group discussions (FGDs) with 18 participants recruited through purposive sampling in the Special Region of Yogyakarta: three pregnant women, three postpartum women, four caregivers of individuals with severe mental illness, four adolescents, and four university students. Source triangulation was conducted through an additional FGD involving five mental health care providers. Verbatim Indonesian transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis with manual coding supported by Microsoft Excel. Trustworthiness was enhanced through peer debriefing and cross-verification among the research team.Results: Three overarching themes emerged: (1) root causes of mental health vulnerability, encompassing family- and perinatal-related stressors, developmental and identity-related stress, and caregiving burden and social exclusion; (2) coping and help-seeking practices, shaped by emotional disclosure preferences, support systems, and mental health literacy; and (3) structural gaps in mental health services, including inadequate service integration, logistical barriers, and mistrust of care quality. Help-seeking preferences varied across vulnerable groups and were influenced by stigma, concerns about confidentiality, and perceived accessibility of mental health services.Conclusion: Vulnerable populations experience mental health challenges through distinct psychosocial stressors, coping strategies, and help-seeking behaviors. These findings underscore the need for person-centered, culturally responsive, and population-specific mental health services that address the diverse needs of vulnerable groups.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-08-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
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	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/article/view/77275</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.14710/nmjn.v16i2.77275</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Nurse Media Journal of Nursing; Vol 16, No 2 (2026): (August 2026) [In Progress]; 261–276</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2406-8799</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2087-7811</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/article/view/77275/33353</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/article/downloadSuppFile/77275/26556</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 by the Authors, Published by Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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