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Indonesian Self-Risk Assessment for Cervical Cancer (SiNara): Instrument Development and Validation

Nurse Media Journal of Nursing · Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021) · hlm. 219–232

DOI
10.14710/nmjn.v11i2.34199
ISSN
2406-8799, 2087-7811
Terbit
2021-08-27
Penerbit
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Background: Women’s ignorance of cervical cancer risk factors has caused low participation in the screening of the disease. Women can independently assess cervical cancer risk factors in themselves through a risk assessment instrument. However, no instruments were found that assessed cervical cancer risk based on the characteristics of Indonesian women.Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate an Indonesian self-risk instrument for cervical cancer.Methods: The instrument was developed based on scale development following the guidelines by DeVellis (2017). A cross-sectional study was implemented to validate the instrument. A total of 20 women were involved in the pre-testing, and as many as 200 women were included in the instrument testing. Based on the scale development guidelines, data collection was initiated with a literature review to determine the instrument construct and item pool. A total of 29 articles were used in the formulation of the item pool and resulted in 38 items for validity and reliability testing. Content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used to test the content validity of the instrument, which was reviewed by three experts. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with principal component analysis (PCA) method and Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20) were used to evaluate construct validity and internal consistency reliability, respectively.Results: A total of 26 items met the content validity and 21 items met the construct validity evaluation, with five items being removed because they had a loading factor value of <0.4. After the validity were evaluated, the instrument was reduced from 38 items to 21 items. The internal consistency reliability with Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20) was 0.807.Conclusion: The Indonesian self-risk assessment for cervical cancer (SiNara) instrument is of good validity and reliability. However, it needs to be tested in other settings using larger samples to measure its psychometric properties as well as its applicability and acceptability.

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  • Padjadjaran University
  • Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku
  • Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
  • University of Indonesia
  • Institut Teknologi dan Kesehatan Bali
  • Universitas 'Aisyiyah Bandung
  • Universitas Airlangga
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Cecep Eli KosasihPadjadjaran University3
Titis KurniawanPadjadjaran University2
Helmy HazmiUniversiti Malaysia Sarawak2
Rachelya Nurfirdausi IslamahUniversity of Indonesia2
Mira Trisyani KoeryamanPadjadjaran University2
Muhammad YusufAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
E ErmiatiPadjadjaran University2
Mira TrisyaniPadjadjaran University2
Ida MaryatiPadjadjaran University1
Syoifa RahmawatiPadjadjaran University1
Restuning WidiasihPadjadjaran University1
Ermiati ErmiatiPadjadjaran University1
Windy NatasyaPadjadjaran University1
Putu Inge Ruth SuantikaInstitut Teknologi dan Kesehatan Bali1
Anggriyana Tri WidiantiUniversitas 'Aisyiyah Bandung1
Agus RahmatPadjadjaran University1
Nur Oktavia HidayatiPadjadjaran University1
Vanny LeutualyUniversitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku1
Mevi LiliporyUniversitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku1
Dian Thiofany SopacuaUniversitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku1
Fandro Armando TasijawaUniversitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku1
Valensya Yeslin TomasoaUniversitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku1
Joan Herly HerwawanUniversitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku1
Feby ManuhutuUniversitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku1
Lekdaina KilikilyAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ahmad YaminPadjadjaran University1
Ferry EfendiUniversitas Airlangga1
Sarah Kartika WulandariPadjadjaran University1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc)
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Indonesian Self-Risk Assessment for Cervical Cancer (SiNara): Instrument Development and Validation</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Madiuw, Devita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hermayanti, Yanti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Solehati, Tetti</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Cervical cancer; risk factors; self-risk assessment; women’s health</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Background: Women’s ignorance of cervical cancer risk factors has caused low participation in the screening of the disease. Women can independently assess cervical cancer risk factors in themselves through a risk assessment instrument. However, no instruments were found that assessed cervical cancer risk based on the characteristics of Indonesian women.Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate an Indonesian self-risk instrument for cervical cancer.Methods: The instrument was developed based on scale development following the guidelines by DeVellis (2017). A cross-sectional study was implemented to validate the instrument. A total of 20 women were involved in the pre-testing, and as many as 200 women were included in the instrument testing. Based on the scale development guidelines, data collection was initiated with a literature review to determine the instrument construct and item pool. A total of 29 articles were used in the formulation of the item pool and resulted in 38 items for validity and reliability testing. Content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used to test the content validity of the instrument, which was reviewed by three experts. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with principal component analysis (PCA) method and Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20) were used to evaluate construct validity and internal consistency reliability, respectively.Results: A total of 26 items met the content validity and 21 items met the construct validity evaluation, with five items being removed because they had a loading factor value of &lt;0.4. After the validity were evaluated, the instrument was reduced from 38 items to 21 items. The internal consistency reliability with Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20) was 0.807.Conclusion: The Indonesian self-risk assessment for cervical cancer (SiNara) instrument is of good validity and reliability. However, it needs to be tested in other settings using larger samples to measure its psychometric properties as well as its applicability and acceptability.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2021-08-27</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US"></dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/article/view/34199</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.14710/nmjn.v11i2.34199</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Nurse Media Journal of Nursing; Vol 11, No 2 (2021): (August 2021); 219-232</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2406-8799</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2087-7811</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/article/view/34199/19997</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2021 Nurse Media Journal of Nursing</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>