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Development of a Muslim student happiness model through student engagement, friendship quality and positive thinking: Moderators of religious orientation in Southeast Asia

Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi · Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 23–38

DOI
10.21580/pjpp.v11i1.25890
ISSN
2527-7456, 2502-9363
Terbit
2026-05-31
Penerbit
Faculty of Psychology and Health - Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Promoting student happiness has become a growing priority in educational psychology because of its role in adolescent well-being. This study aims to test a comprehensive model of student happiness by analyzing the role of student involvement, friendship quality and positive thinking, with religious orientation as the moderating variable. A non-experimental quantitative design was used involving 1,217 Muslim junior high school students from Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. Data were collected using validated instruments and analyzed using partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0. The results show that student engagement (β =.254; t = 9.499; p <.001), friendship quality (β =.221; t = 7.136; p <.001), and positive thinking (β =.191; t = 6.738; p <.001) significantly predicted student happiness. Religious orientation significantly moderated the relationships between positive thinking and happiness (β =.094; t = 2.981; p =.002) and between student engagement and happiness (β =.104; t = 3.059; p =.001), but not friendship quality (β =.020; p =.293). The model explained 38.7% of the variance in student happiness. The findings provide an alternative explanation for student happiness by integrating psychosocial and spiritual factors in Southeast Asian cross-cultural contexts. The results also offer practical implications for educators and policymakers in the design of holistic interventions that increase student engagement, foster quality friendships, promote positive thinking, and integrate religious values to support student well-being.

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28 penulis · 72 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 55 lintas organisasi

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  • Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta
  • Medan Area University
  • Muhammadiyah University Purwokerto
  • Mindanao State University - Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography
  • University of Malaya
  • Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Organisasi lain
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  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Muhajir Al-FairusySekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Teungku Dirundeng Meulaboh2
Rawdhah Binti YasaUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry2
‪Kana Safrina Rouzi‬Universitas Alma Ata2
Harinawati HarinawatiMalikussaleh University2
Faisal Husen IsmailUniversiti Sains Malaysia2
Nurul Asmaa Akmal Md DinUniversity of Malaya2
Abd Razak Bin ZakariaUniversity of Malaya2
Kasmil Sahi AbdulwahidMindanao State University - Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography2
Fitriah M. SuudAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rizkia Karina AyuMuhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta1
Hafidz Dharma SetiawanMuhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta1
Siti BahirohMuhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta1
Sairah SairahMedan Area University1
Raden Rachmy DianaSunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta1
Khoiruddin BashoriUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan1
Muhammad ChirzinSunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta1
Nadea Zulfa KhairunnisaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Irwan AbdullahUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Ahamed Sarjoon RazickSouth Eastern University of Sri Lanka1
Mayadina Rohmi MusfirohUniversitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara1
Suraya SintangUniversiti of Malaysia Sabah1
Tukiran TanirejaMuhammadiyah University Purwokerto1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/Psikohumaniora/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Development of a Muslim student happiness model through student engagement, friendship quality and positive thinking: Moderators of religious orientation in Southeast Asia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Suud, Fitriah M.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mirawati, Mirawati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator> Hakim, Putri Rahmah Nur</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nugraha, Muhammad Fadli</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Na'imah, Tri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Tahir, Kartini R.</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">friendship quality</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">happiness model</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">positive thinking</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">religious orientation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">student engagement</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Promoting student happiness has become a growing priority in educational psychology because of its role in adolescent well-being. This study aims to test a comprehensive model of student happiness by analyzing the role of student involvement, friendship quality and positive thinking, with religious orientation as the moderating variable. A non-experimental quantitative design was used involving 1,217 Muslim junior high school students from Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. Data were collected using validated instruments and analyzed using partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0. The results show that student engagement (β = .254; t = 9.499; p &amp;lt; .001), friendship quality (β = .221; t = 7.136; p &amp;lt; .001), and positive thinking (β = .191; t = 6.738; p &amp;lt; .001) significantly predicted student happiness. Religious orientation significantly moderated the relationships between positive thinking and happiness (β = .094; t = 2.981; p = .002) and between student engagement and happiness (β = .104; t = 3.059; p = .001), but not friendship quality (β = .020; p = .293). The model explained 38.7% of the variance in student happiness. The findings provide an alternative explanation for student happiness by integrating psychosocial and spiritual factors in Southeast Asian cross-cultural contexts. The results also offer practical implications for educators and policymakers in the design of holistic interventions that increase student engagement, foster quality friendships, promote positive thinking, and integrate religious values to support student well-being.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Psychology and Health - Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-05-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/Psikohumaniora/article/view/25890</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.21580/pjpp.v11i1.25890</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi; Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026); 23-38</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2527-7456</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-9363</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/Psikohumaniora/article/view/25890/7727</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>