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Multi-Criteria Analysis to Map Malnutrition Vulnerability to The Impact of Climate Change in West Sumatra, Indonesia

Public Health of Indonesia · Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 53–62

DOI
10.36685/phi.v12i1.1203
ISSN
2477-1570, 2528-1542
Terbit
2026-02-23
Penerbit
YCAB Publisher
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstrak

Background: Indonesia is the world's second most disaster-prone country and faces significant climate change impacts. West Sumatra has high malnutrition, moderate food insecurity, and disaster risk. Mapping climate vulnerability is critical for mitigation and adaptation. Objective: Building on this need, this study aims to map the vulnerability of malnutrition due to climate change in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Methods: The research employed an analytical descriptive approach, utilizing secondary data from official agencies. Sources included the Central Statistics Agency of West Sumatra Province, the Meteorology, Geophysics and Climatology Agency, the Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey, and the Indonesian Health Survey from 2019 to 2023. The data covered three vulnerability indicators: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. These were analyzed by the Weighted Product method and classified into five categories of vulnerability (very low, low, medium, high, very high) using the Equal Interval method. Results were presented as thematic maps using ArcGIS software. Results: The analysis revealed that 5.3% of areas had very high vulnerability to malnutrition linked to climate change. Meanwhile, 10.5% were high, 26.3% medium, 42.1% low, and 15.8% very low. The coastal regions of Mentawai, West Pasaman, and South Coast were the most vulnerable. Vulnerability was determined by exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Regions with higher vulnerability had greater sensitivity and lower adaptive capacity. Regions with lower vulnerability showed better adaptive capacity. Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended to prioritize areas with high and very high vulnerability. Efforts should be focused on improving access to health and nutrition services, empowering women in household food decisions, and strengthening food systems to strengthen regional adaptive capacity. Keywords: mapping; vulnerability; malnutrition; climate change

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  • Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Poltekkes Kemenkes Padang
  • Universitas Fort De Kock
  • Tanjungpura University
  • Universitas Bung Hatta
  • IKIP Siliwangi
  • Institut Shanti Bhuana
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Iswandi UmarUniversitas Negeri Padang5
Eri BarlianUniversitas Negeri Padang5
Muchsin RiviwantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Abdi Iswahyudi YasrilUniversitas Fort De Kock4
Nurhasan SyahUniversitas Negeri Padang2
Midratul FardillaUniversitas Negeri Padang1
HeldiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ilham SalsabilaUniversitas Negeri Padang1
Zeus Marullah AswinUniversitas Negeri Padang1
FadilaUniversitas Negeri Padang1
AkbarullahUniversitas Negeri Padang1
Eni KamalUniversitas Bung Hatta1
Siti FatimahIKIP Siliwangi1
Eri BarlinUniversitas Negeri Padang1
Linda HandayuniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Eka Budi SatriaUniversitas Fort De Kock1
Evi HasnitaUniversitas Fort De Kock1
. YulianaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Aloysius Hari KristiantoInstitut Shanti Bhuana1
Eddy SuratmanTanjungpura University1
Akhmad YaniTanjungpura University1
Dilla Indah KurniaPoltekkes Kemenkes Padang1
Kasmiyetti KasmiyettiPoltekkes Kemenkes Padang1
Nur Ahmad HabibiPoltekkes Kemenkes Padang1
Gusnedi GusnediAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ricvan Dana NindreaUniversitas Negeri Padang1
Rina HasniyatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Renita AfrizaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Riska RusydiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Defniwita YuskaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sri DarningsihAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Zulkifli ZulkifliAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ismanilda IsmanildaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Marni HandayaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://stikbar.org/ycabpublisher/index.php/PHI/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Multi-Criteria Analysis to Map Malnutrition Vulnerability to The Impact of Climate Change in West Sumatra, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Defriani Dwiyanti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Barlian, Eri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Razak, Abdul </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Dewata, Indang</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Syah, Nurhasan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Siregar, Dewi Rahmadani</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Keywords : mapping, vulnerability, malnutrition, and climate change</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Background: Indonesia is the world's second most disaster-prone country and faces significant climate change impacts. West Sumatra has high malnutrition, moderate food insecurity, and disaster risk. Mapping climate vulnerability is critical for mitigation and adaptation.
Objective: Building on this need, this study aims to map the vulnerability of malnutrition due to climate change in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia.
Methods: The research employed an analytical descriptive approach, utilizing secondary data from official agencies. Sources included the Central Statistics Agency of West Sumatra Province, the Meteorology, Geophysics and Climatology Agency, the Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey, and the Indonesian Health Survey from 2019 to 2023. The data covered three vulnerability indicators: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. These were analyzed by the Weighted Product method and classified into five categories of vulnerability (very low, low, medium, high, very high) using the Equal Interval method. Results were presented as thematic maps using ArcGIS software.
Results: The analysis revealed that 5.3% of areas had very high vulnerability to malnutrition linked to climate change. Meanwhile, 10.5% were high, 26.3% medium, 42.1% low, and 15.8% very low. The coastal regions of Mentawai, West Pasaman, and South Coast were the most vulnerable. Vulnerability was determined by exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Regions with higher vulnerability had greater sensitivity and lower adaptive capacity. Regions with lower vulnerability showed better adaptive capacity.
Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended to prioritize areas with high and very high vulnerability. Efforts should be focused on improving access to health and nutrition services, empowering women in household food decisions, and strengthening food systems to strengthen regional adaptive capacity.
Keywords: mapping; vulnerability; malnutrition; climate change</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">YCAB Publisher</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-02-23</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://stikbar.org/ycabpublisher/index.php/PHI/article/view/1203</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.36685/phi.v12i1.1203</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Public Health of Indonesia; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): January - March; 53 - 62</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2477-1570</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-1542</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.36685/phi.v12i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://stikbar.org/ycabpublisher/index.php/PHI/article/view/1203/711</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Defriani Dwiyanti, Eri Barlian</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>