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Characteristics and utilization of black soils in Indonesia

SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology · Vol. 20 No. 1 (2023) · hlm. 114–123

DOI
10.20961/stjssa.v20i1.70343
ISSN
2356-1424, 1412-3606
Terbit
2023-06-30
Penerbit
Universitas Sebelas Maret
Bahasa
en

Abstrak

Black soils store a high amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) and play a crucial role in climate change, food security, and land degradation neutrality. However, data and information regarding black soils in tropical regions, including Indonesia, are limited. This study aimed to characterize and identify the utilization of black soils in Indonesia based on legacy soil survey data. We collated 142 soil pedon samples of Mollisols from articles, technical reports, and existing datasets. The site information (site position, elevation, land use type, parent material) and selected physicochemical properties were stored in a spreadsheet, from which exploratory data analysis was conducted. The result showed that the median SOC content was 1.53%, ranging from 0.6 to 8.2 %; cation exchange capacity was 30 cmol kg-1, ranging from 9 to 95 cmol kg-1; base saturation was 87%, ranging from 11 to 100 %; and bulk density was 1.21 g cm-3, ranging from 1.13 to 1.36 g cm-3. Other soil characteristics (particle size distribution, exchangeable bases, pH, pore, and water retention) varied with horizon type and land use/land cover. The black soils have been used for paddy fields, dryland farming, and gardens with low management intensity. Main cultivated crops include rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), cassava (Manihot esculenta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and cocoa (Theobroma cocoa). Threats to black soil functions include soil erosion, carbon loss, and nutrient imbalance. Soil and water conservation measures, integrated soil nutrient management, and agroforestry are among the best land management practices for black soils.

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  • Hasanuddin University
  • Universitas Gorontalo
  • International Islamic University, Islamabad
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Khoirudin khoirudinAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Amri AbdulahAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Rachmat Abdul GaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Muh. JayadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Apang Djafar ShieddiequeAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Sumbangan BajaHasanuddin University3
Nazar FazrinAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Nana RahdianaAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Edi YatnoAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Sofyan AbdullahUniversitas Gorontalo2
Masganti MasgantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Choirul AnwarInternational Islamic University, Islamabad2
Dede Ardi RajabAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Yulfian AminandaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Muhamad Taufik UlhakimAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Tomas IrfaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Afif HakimAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Mukhlis MukhlisAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Puspita Harum MaharaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Eni Maftu'ahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Khairatun NapisahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Amir AmirUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Renata Lintang AzizahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Suwardi SuwardiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Septa PrimanandaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Herry WirianataAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Burhanuddin RasyidHasanuddin University1
Titah Kasih AngelitaHasanuddin University1
Yafet Hendri PasangHasanuddin University1
Syamsul Arifin LiasHasanuddin University1
Irfandi FelixHasanuddin University1
Iswan DunggioAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mujahidah SafirHasanuddin University1
Christianto LopulisaHasanuddin University1
Hasri SulfaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Characteristics and utilization of black soils in Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sulaeman, Yiyi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sukarman, Sukarman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Neswati, Risma</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nurdin, Nurdin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Basuki, Tony</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Black soils</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Land use</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mollisols</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Soil organic carbon</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Soil characteristics</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Black soils store a high amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) and play a crucial role in climate change, food security, and land degradation neutrality. However, data and information regarding black soils in tropical regions, including Indonesia, are limited. This study aimed to characterize and identify the utilization of black soils in Indonesia based on legacy soil survey data.  We collated 142 soil pedon samples of Mollisols from articles, technical reports, and existing datasets. The site information (site position, elevation, land use type, parent material) and selected physicochemical properties were stored in a spreadsheet, from which exploratory data analysis was conducted.  The result showed that the median SOC content was 1.53%, ranging from 0.6 to 8.2 %; cation exchange capacity was 30 cmol kg-1, ranging from 9 to 95 cmol kg-1; base saturation was 87%, ranging from 11 to 100 %; and bulk density was 1.21 g cm-3, ranging from 1.13 to 1.36 g cm-3. Other soil characteristics (particle size distribution, exchangeable bases, pH, pore, and water retention) varied with horizon type and land use/land cover. The black soils have been used for paddy fields, dryland farming, and gardens with low management intensity. Main cultivated crops include rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), cassava (Manihot esculenta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and cocoa (Theobroma cocoa).  Threats to black soil functions include soil erosion, carbon loss, and nutrient imbalance. Soil and water conservation measures, integrated soil nutrient management, and agroforestry are among the best land management practices for black soils.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Sebelas Maret</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-06-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/article/view/70343</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20961/stjssa.v20i1.70343</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology; Vol. 20 No. 1 (2023): June; 114-123</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2356-1424</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1412-3606</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.20961/stjssa.v20i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/article/view/70343/41158</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2023 Yiyi Sulaeman, Sukarman Sukarman, Risma Neswati, Nurdin Nurdin, Toni Basuki</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>