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Effect of Iron (Fe) heavy metal content at different pH on the germination of seven soybean varieties in Indonesia

SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology · Vol. 20 No. 2 (2023) · hlm. 199–209

DOI
10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.70802
ISSN
2356-1424, 1412-3606
Terbit
2023-11-27
Penerbit
Universitas Sebelas Maret
Bahasa
en

Abstrak

Greater use of acid soil has expanded the area under cultivation for soybeans; however, acid soil is associated with heavy mineral toxicity, including Iron (Fe). This investigation looked at how well soybean seeds germinated in media containing heavy metal Fe and how the pH of the media affected the viability of soybean seeds. This research was conducted at the Seed and Plant Breeding Laboratory at the University of Lampung, Indonesia. The experimental design was a randomized block design. The first factor was seven soybean local varieties – Grobogan, Anjasmoro, Derap 1, Detap 1, Dena 1, Deja 1, and Dega 1 – and the second factor was heavy metal Fe solution pH of 6–7 and 4.5 and without heavy metal Fe (control). Seed viability in heavy metal Fe medium was assessed using radicle emergence, germination capacity or percentage, germination speed, number of normal seedlings, normal seedling hypocotyl length, main root length of regular seedlings, and normal shoot dry weight. This research found that heavy metal Fe affected soybeans’ seeds’ viability in pH 6–7 and 4.5. The observed data showed that all seeds’ viability variables in media with heavy metal Fe, both in pH 6–7 and in pH 4.5, differ from the control media. The seed viability in media heavy metal Fe pH 6–7 was not significantly different from the control media, but in pH 4.5, the difference is significant. Soybean varieties’ characteristics also influence how heavy metal Fe in different pH affects seed viability. Overall, Anjasmoro, Deja, Grobogan, and Dega were the types that consistently demonstrated resistance or adaptation to heavy metal Fe existence, while Dena, Derap, and Detap are susceptible to heavy metal Fe existence. Seed viability in Iron medium is not always related to seed physical performance; therefore, before planting soybean in acid soil, it is recommended to conduct a seed viability test.

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  • Lampung University
  • IPB University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Yusnita YusnitaLampung University2
Dwi HapsoroLampung University2
Agus KaryantoLampung University2
Nabila LutfiahLampung University2
Erlinda Citra DewiLampung University2
Muhammad Syamsoel HadiLampung University2
Devi MaharaniLampung University2
Galuh Mailanda PramudyaLampung University2
AgustiansyahLampung University1
Kuswanta Futas HidayatLampung University1
AUFA FREDELLA GRISELDALampung University1
Ria PutriLampung University1
Adi Noor PrayogiLampung University1
Saiful HikamLampung University1
Franciscus Xaverius SusiloLampung University1
Eko PramonoLampung University1
Muhammad KamalLampung University1
Rizki Bagus NugrohoIPB University1
Desi MaulidaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rahmadyah HamirantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mua’ddin Mua’ddinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Tumiar Katarina ManikLampung University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Effect of Iron (Fe) heavy metal content at different pH on the germination of seven soybean varieties in Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Timotiwu, Paul Benyamin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Agustiansyah, Agustiansyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Muslimah, Dini</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Acid Soils</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Germination</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Heavy Metal</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Soybean</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Seeds Viability</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Greater use of acid soil has expanded the area under cultivation for soybeans; however, acid soil is associated with heavy mineral toxicity, including Iron (Fe). This investigation looked at how well soybean seeds germinated in media containing heavy metal Fe and how the pH of the media affected the viability of soybean seeds. This research was conducted at the Seed and Plant Breeding Laboratory at the University of Lampung, Indonesia. The experimental design was a randomized block design. The first factor was seven soybean local varieties – Grobogan, Anjasmoro, Derap 1, Detap 1, Dena 1, Deja 1, and Dega 1 – and the second factor was heavy metal Fe solution pH of 6–7 and 4.5 and without heavy metal Fe (control). Seed viability in heavy metal Fe medium was assessed using radicle emergence, germination capacity or percentage, germination speed, number of normal seedlings, normal seedling hypocotyl length, main root length of regular seedlings, and normal shoot dry weight. This research found that heavy metal Fe affected soybeans’ seeds’ viability in pH 6–7 and 4.5. The observed data showed that all seeds’ viability variables in media with heavy metal Fe, both in pH 6–7 and in pH 4.5, differ from the control media. The seed viability in media heavy metal Fe pH 6–7 was not significantly different from the control media, but in pH 4.5, the difference is significant. Soybean varieties’ characteristics also influence how heavy metal Fe in different pH affects seed viability. Overall, Anjasmoro, Deja, Grobogan, and Dega were the types that consistently demonstrated resistance or adaptation to heavy metal Fe existence, while Dena, Derap, and Detap are susceptible to heavy metal Fe existence. Seed viability in Iron medium is not always related to seed physical performance; therefore, before planting soybean in acid soil, it is recommended to conduct a seed viability test.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Sebelas Maret</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-11-27</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/article/view/70802</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.70802</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology; Vol. 20 No. 2 (2023): December; 199-209</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2356-1424</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1412-3606</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.20961/stjssa.v20i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/article/view/70802/55844</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/article/view/70802/55845</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/article/view/70802/42795</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2023 Paul Benyamin Timotiwu, Agustiansyah Agustiansyah, Dini Muslimah</dc:rights>
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