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CALCIUM SULFATE SCALE IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY

Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas · Vol. 27 No. 1 (2022) · hlm. 29–34

DOI
10.29017/SCOG.27.1.1048
ISSN
2541-0520, 2089-3361
Terbit
2022-03-30
Penerbit
Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstrak

Oilfield scale is defined as the precipitation of hard, adherent deposits of inorganic solid originating from aqueous media. This constitutes sulfate and carbonate of the alkaline earth metals calcium, barium and strontium and complex salts of iron. Generally, the process of the scale deposition occurs when the product solubility of a compound considered is exceeded. The formation of scale, such as calcium sulfate, has long recognised as one of the serious problems in oil and gas production leading to reduced production rates as flow becomes restricted. Calcium sulfate scale found in the oilfield is in the form of gypsum (CaSO4, 2H2,0) which is the most stable form at temperatures of 40 °C or less at atmosphere pressure. Above this temperature, anhydrite (CaSO4,) may be found, although hemihydrate (CaSO. 1/2H,O) may form under certain conditions. The reaction for precipitation of calcium sulfate is as follows: Ca+2 (aq) + so4-2 (aq) = CaSO4 (solid) The solubility of calcium sulfate in distilled water is 2080 mg/l at 25 "C. Calcium sulfate scale arises from several causes, such as temperature, dissolved salts, pressure, and time. The main points of this paper are focused on nomenclature, chemical structure, the occurrence of calcium sulfate scale, example of calcium sulfate scale in the petroleum industry, and calculation of calcium sulfate solubility in brine.

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  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Nuraini NurainiUniversitas Halu Oleo4
Panca WahyudiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Supriyatno SupriyatnoState University of Semarang1
Nuraini NurainiUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Hadi PurnomoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.lemigas.esdm.go.id/index.php/SCOG/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">CALCIUM SULFATE SCALE IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Poernomo, Hadi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Makmur, Tjuwati</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Calcium Sulfate Petroleum Oilfield</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Oilfield scale is defined as the precipitation of hard, adherent deposits of inorganic solid originating from aqueous media. This constitutes sulfate and carbonate of the alkaline earth metals calcium, barium and strontium and complex salts of iron. Generally, the process of the scale deposition occurs when the product solubility of a compound considered is exceeded. The formation of scale, such as calcium sulfate, has long recognised as one of the serious problems in oil and gas production leading to reduced production rates as flow becomes restricted. Calcium sulfate scale found in the oilfield is in the form of gypsum (CaSO4, 2H2,0) which is the most stable form at temperatures of 40 °C or less at atmosphere pressure. Above this temperature, anhydrite (CaSO4,) may be found, although hemihydrate (CaSO. 1/2H,O) may form under certain conditions. The reaction for precipitation of calcium sulfate is as follows: Ca+2 (aq) + so4-2 (aq) = CaSO4 (solid) The solubility of calcium sulfate in distilled water is 2080 mg/l at 25 "C. Calcium sulfate scale arises from several causes, such as temperature, dissolved salts, pressure, and time. The main points of this paper are focused on nomenclature, chemical structure, the occurrence of calcium sulfate scale, example of calcium sulfate scale in the petroleum industry, and calculation of calcium sulfate solubility in brine.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2022-03-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.lemigas.esdm.go.id/index.php/SCOG/article/view/1048</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.29017/SCOG.27.1.1048</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2004); 29-34</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id">Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas; Vol 27 No 1 (2004); 29-34</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2541-0520</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2089-3361</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.lemigas.esdm.go.id/index.php/SCOG/article/view/1048/837</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 1970 SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTIONS OIL AND GAS (SCOG)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>