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Performance analysis of soybean oil with CuO/Graphene hybrid additive nanoparticles as cutting fluid on CNC machining processes

Teknomekanik · Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025) · hlm. 136–163

DOI
10.24036/teknomekanik.v8i2.42472
ISSN
2621-8720, 2621-9980
Terbit
2025-11-26
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Padang
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstrak

This study investigates the performance of soybean oil-based nano-lubricants with CuO, graphene, and CuO/graphene hybrids under MQL-assisted CNC milling of AISI 1045 steel. The research aims to evaluate the thermophysical, rheological, and tribological properties of various lubricant formulations, including pure soybean oil and soybean oil with individual or hybrid nanoparticle additives. Nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, XRD, and FTIR, and fluid samples were evaluated for density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, sedimentation stability, and rheological behavior. Machining performance was assessed through tool wear, surface roughness, cutting temperature, wear debris morphology, and chip color analysis. Results showed that adding graphene nanoparticles significantly improved machining performance, achieving a surface roughness of 1.033 µm, tool wear of 0.0493 mm, and a cutting temperature of 46.1 °C, outperforming both conventional and alternative nanofluid formulations. Among all formulations, the graphene-based nanofluid delivered the lowest cutting temperature, surface roughness, and flank wear under MQL. The CuO/graphene hybrid improved performance relative to the base fluids but did not surpass the graphene formulation, indicating limited synergistic benefits under the present soybean oil-based-MQL conditions.

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  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Tanjungpura University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Avita Ayu PermanasariAfiliasi tidak diketahui7
Ahmad Atif FikriAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Poppy FitriyaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Sukarni SukarniTanjungpura University3
Nurnaningsih HamzahUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Iwan KustiawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Risti RagadhitaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Agus SolehudinAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Ayu WarestuAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Gilang Putra Pratama ArifiansyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Timotius PasangAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Dharma MaheswaraAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Sitti MarwahUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Niken PujirahayuUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Nurhayati HadjarUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Zakiah UslinawatyUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Mustika SariUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Sahindomi BanaUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Abigael KabeUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Rosmarlinasiah RosmarlinasiahUniversitas Halu Oleo1
I Made Arya IrmawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
La Ode Agus Salim MandoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Yusran YusranUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Muh. DassirAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Adhetya KurniawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Alif Dimas SunaryoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Anies SetiowatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rahmat Safe'iAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Irwan Sukri BanuwaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lely Pratiwi SimanjorangAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ida Bagus Nyoman UdayanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Bernadetta Dian MaharaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Cahyani Wulan FitriaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad Najib MauludiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Siti Nur Azella ZaineAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://teknomekanik.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/teknomekanik/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Performance analysis of soybean oil with CuO/Graphene hybrid additive nanoparticles as cutting fluid on CNC machining processes</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Setiawan, Agus</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Puspitasari, Poppy</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Tauviqirrahman, Mohammad </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Pramono, Diki Dwi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Salam, Haipan</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">biolubricant</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">nanolubricant</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">minimum quantity lubrication</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">CNC milling</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">eco-friendly cutting fluid</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study investigates the performance of soybean oil-based nano-lubricants with CuO, graphene, and CuO/graphene hybrids under MQL-assisted CNC milling of AISI 1045 steel. The research aims to evaluate the thermophysical, rheological, and tribological properties of various lubricant formulations, including pure soybean oil and soybean oil with individual or hybrid nanoparticle additives. Nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, XRD, and FTIR, and fluid samples were evaluated for density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, sedimentation stability, and rheological behavior. Machining performance was assessed through tool wear, surface roughness, cutting temperature, wear debris morphology, and chip color analysis. Results showed that adding graphene nanoparticles significantly improved machining performance, achieving a surface roughness of 1.033 µm, tool wear of 0.0493 mm, and a cutting temperature of 46.1 °C, outperforming both conventional and alternative nanofluid formulations. Among all formulations, the graphene-based nanofluid delivered the lowest cutting temperature, surface roughness, and flank wear under MQL. The CuO/graphene hybrid improved performance relative to the base fluids but did not surpass the graphene formulation, indicating limited synergistic benefits under the present soybean oil-based-MQL conditions.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Padang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-11-26</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>http://teknomekanik.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/teknomekanik/article/view/424</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.24036/teknomekanik.v8i2.42472</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Teknomekanik; Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Regular Issue; 136-163</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2621-8720</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2621-9980</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>http://teknomekanik.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/teknomekanik/article/view/424/99</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Agus Setiawan, Poppy Puspitarasi, Mohammad  Tauviqirrahman, Diki Dwi Pramono, Haipan Salam (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>