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Evaluation of the Exposure to Benzene and SpmA using the Urine of Workers in the Shoe Home Industry in Surabaya

The Indonesian Journal Of Occupational Safety and Health · Vol. 11 No. 3 (2022) · hlm. 436–444

DOI
10.20473/ijosh.v11i3.2022.436-444
ISSN
2540-7872, 2301-8046
Terbit
2022-11-10
Penerbit
Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Introduction: Benzene is one of the pollutants in the shoe home industry that can cause cancer among the workers. The present research aimed to analyze the relationship between exposure to benzene and spmA (s-phenylmercapturic Acid) in the urine of shoe-making home industry workers in Surabaya. Methods: This was an observational study using an analytical research method where the total number of respondents in the sample was 10. The concentration of benzene was measured using Gas Chromatography-FID (Flame Ionization Detector). The data collection technique was descriptive analysis for each variable from among the worker's characteristics. The analysis of the relationship between the level of spmA in their urine and the worker's characteristics was performed using regression tests while the analysis of the relationship between the level of benzene in the air and the levels of workers' spmA was performed using the Spearman correlation test. Results: The benzene I levels in the work environment were found to be between 0.06 ppm - 53.8 ppm. The average spmA was 6.68 μg/g creatinine. The p value of the relationship between the variable levels of benzene and the levels of spmA was 0.879 with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.056. Conclusion: The mean concentration of benzene in the air at the 6 point uptake was over the threshold. Based on the results of the spmA examination, the mean value of spmA was below the threshold value. The test results on the level of benzene in the air and the spmA indicate a very weak relationship.

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  • Universitas Airlangga
  • IPB University
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • Lambung Mangkurat University
  • Wilmar International (Singapore)
  • Institut Pertanian Stiper
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Mahmudah MahmudahUniversitas Airlangga4
Sri SumarmiUniversitas Airlangga3
Soenarnatalina MelanianiUniversitas Airlangga3
Siti Rahayu NadhirohUniversitas Airlangga2
Emyr Reisha IsauraUniversitas Airlangga2
Qonita RachmahUniversitas Airlangga2
Luki MundiastutiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Nadia RamadhaniUniversitas Airlangga2
Fransiska Sabatini SetiawatiUniversitas Airlangga2
Khairina Fadiah HidayatiUniversitas Airlangga2
Yurike Dhika AdhelaUniversitas Airlangga2
Diah IndrianiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Heru Bagus PulunggonoIPB University2
Nourma Al ViandariNational Research and Innovation Agency2
Anicetus WihardjakaNational Research and Innovation Agency2
Juliana JalaludinUniversiti Putra Malaysia2
Sukarman SukarmanLambung Mangkurat University2
Septa PrimanandaWilmar International (Singapore)2
Herry WirianataInstitut Pertanian Stiper2
Angelina AudinaUniversitas Airlangga1
Zeni FirginingtyasUniversitas Airlangga1
Zahidatul RizkahUniversitas Airlangga1
Imaniar Mahdiya IzatiUniversitas Airlangga1
Isma Nur AmaliaUniversitas Airlangga1
Dwi Putri Pangesti Suryo AndadariUniversitas Airlangga1
Syahid Kinayung WidyajiUniversitas Airlangga1
Wuri Rizki HandarbenyUniversitas Airlangga1
Anisa NindyasariUniversitas Airlangga1
Dhiflatul Frista AnaniUniversitas Airlangga1
Qurrota A’yun Febrina TriwindiyantiUniversitas Airlangga1
Edy Purwanto TertiusAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Syafi’atur RosyidahUniversitas Airlangga1
Sakinah RamadhaniUniversitas Airlangga1
Ririn KristianiUniversitas Airlangga1
Atin NurmayasantiUniversitas Airlangga1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJOSH/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Evaluation of the Exposure to Benzene and SpmA using the Urine of Workers in the Shoe Home Industry in Surabaya </dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Rachman, Rizaldy Fathur</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Tuasikal, Iin Zulaiha </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Tualeka, Abdul Rohim</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mahmudiono, Trias </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Suwardi, Suwardi</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">benzene</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">spmA</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US"> shoe industry</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Introduction: Benzene is one of the pollutants in the shoe home industry that can cause cancer among the workers. The present research aimed to analyze the relationship between exposure to benzene and spmA (s-phenylmercapturic Acid) in the urine of shoe-making home industry workers in Surabaya. Methods: This was an observational study using an analytical research method where the total number of respondents in the sample was 10. The concentration of benzene was measured using Gas Chromatography-FID (Flame Ionization Detector). The data collection technique was descriptive analysis for each variable from among the worker's characteristics. The analysis of the relationship between the level of spmA in their urine and the worker's characteristics was performed using regression tests while the analysis of the relationship between the level of benzene in the air and the levels of workers' spmA was performed using the Spearman correlation test. Results: The benzene I levels in the work environment were found to be between 0.06 ppm - 53.8 ppm. The average spmA was 6.68 μg/g creatinine. The p value of the relationship between the variable levels of benzene and the levels of spmA was 0.879 with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.056. Conclusion: The mean concentration of benzene in the air at the 6 point uptake was over the threshold. Based on the results of the spmA examination, the mean value of spmA was below the threshold value. The test results on the level of benzene in the air and the spmA indicate a very weak relationship.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2022-11-10</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJOSH/article/view/33029</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/ijosh.v11i3.2022.436-444</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health; Vol. 11 No. 3 (2022): The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health; 436-444</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-7872</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2301-8046</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJOSH/article/view/33029/22908</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2022 The Indonesian Journal Of Occupational Safety and Health</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>