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Endoparasite and Microbial Burden in Quail Farm Systems: A Biosecurity and Water Quality Assessment in Central Java, Indonesia

Tropical Animal Science Journal · Vol. 49 No. 1 (2025) · hlm. 71–78

DOI
10.5398/tasj.2026.49.1.71
ISSN
2615-790X, 2615-787X
Terbit
2025-12-03
Penerbit
Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Quail farming is vital for smallholder farmers in Central Java, Indonesia; however, productivity often declines due to poor biosecurity, inadequate water quality, and parasitic infections. This study aims to examine biosecurity practices, water quality, and endoparasite loads in ten quail farms (L1-L10) located in Semarang City and nearby regencies. Data were collected through observations, interviews, water sampling, and analysis of quail droppings. Biosecurity scores (maximum 18) were categorized into three groups: Group-1 (scores 13-18), Group-2 (scores 7-12), and Group-3 (scores 1-6). Water quality was assessed based on pH, E. coli, and coliform counts using triplicate samples from each site. The biosecurity score showed that three farms are in Group-1 (L1, L7, L9), five are in Group-2, and two are in Group-3 (L8, L10). The water pH ranged from 4.8 to 8.0; the highest E. coli count was 19.33 CFU/mL (L9), and the highest Coliform count was 89.67 CFU/mL (L5). L1 had the highest parasite load, with Coccidia, Strongyloides, and Ascaridia sp. at 1000 oocysts/g (OPG), 100 OPG, and 33.33 OPG, respectively. Meanwhile, L7 showed no endoparasites or water contamination. Egg production ranged from 64.29% to 90.00%. Although no significant differences in endoparasite prevalence were found among biosecurity groups or water quality (p>0.05), Coliform levels differed significantly (p<0.05), with the highest levels in conventional well-water. This study revealed that only about one-third of smallholder quail farms in Semarang and its surrounding regencies adhere to proper biosecurity measures. It was also the first to document quail endoparasite burdens as well as E. coli and coliform contamination in drinking water.

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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Agus TriantoDiponegoro University2
Ambariyanto AmbariyantoDiponegoro University2
Yan Yan HasDiponegoro University1
Nikie Astorina Yunita DewantiDiponegoro University1
Mursid RaharjoDiponegoro University1
SulistiyaniDiponegoro University1
Muhammad Auliya RahmanDiponegoro University1
Wistiani WistianiDiponegoro University1
Dewi RatihDiponegoro University1
Saekhol BakriDiponegoro University1
Novita Dewi Vebriyana DankisUniversitas Airlangga1
Agustina AgustinaUniversitas Airlangga1
Kun IstighfaniarUniversitas Airlangga1
Mia Rhosita SawitriUniversitas Airlangga1
Siti Umi AnisahUniversitas Airlangga1
Hilfia Alifa NurlyUniversitas Airlangga1
Atika Ayu KriswijayantiUniversitas Airlangga1
Rozanna Fithri NadhivaUniversitas Airlangga1
Tazkia SalsabilaUniversitas Airlangga1
Sugiharto SugihartoDiponegoro University1
H. I. WahyuniDiponegoro University1
Turrini YudiartiDiponegoro University1
Endang WidiastutiDiponegoro University1
Tri Agus SartonoDiponegoro University1
I. AgusetyaningsihDiponegoro University1
Nur HasnaDiponegoro University1
E. C. WulandariDiponegoro University1
MulyonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
R. AnggraeniDiponegoro University1
Miftahul MuslihDiponegoro University1
A. O. YogantaraDiponegoro University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/tasj/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Endoparasite and Microbial Burden in Quail Farm Systems: A Biosecurity and Water Quality Assessment in Central Java, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Murwani, R.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Dewi, B. P. A.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Anggraeni, R.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mulyono, M.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ambariyanto, A.</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">biosecurity</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Coliform</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">E. coli</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">endoparasites</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">smallholder farmers</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Quail farming is vital for smallholder farmers in Central Java, Indonesia; however, productivity often declines due to poor biosecurity, inadequate water quality, and parasitic infections. This study aims to examine biosecurity practices, water quality, and endoparasite loads in ten quail farms (L1-L10) located in Semarang City and nearby regencies. Data were collected through observations, interviews, water sampling, and analysis of quail droppings. Biosecurity scores (maximum 18) were categorized into three groups: Group-1 (scores 13-18), Group-2 (scores 7-12), and Group-3 (scores 1-6). Water quality was assessed based on pH, E. coli, and coliform counts using triplicate samples from each site. The biosecurity score showed that three farms are in Group-1 (L1, L7, L9), five are in Group-2, and two are in Group-3 (L8, L10). The water pH ranged from 4.8 to 8.0; the highest E. coli count was 19.33 CFU/mL (L9), and the highest Coliform count was 89.67 CFU/mL (L5). L1 had the highest parasite load, with Coccidia, Strongyloides, and Ascaridia sp. at 1000 oocysts/g (OPG), 100 OPG, and 33.33 OPG, respectively. Meanwhile, L7 showed no endoparasites or water contamination. Egg production ranged from 64.29% to 90.00%. Although no significant differences in endoparasite prevalence were found among biosecurity groups or water quality (p&amp;gt;0.05), Coliform levels differed significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05), with the highest levels in conventional well-water. This study revealed that only about one-third of smallholder quail farms in Semarang and its surrounding regencies adhere to proper biosecurity measures. It was also the first to document quail endoparasite burdens as well as E. coli and coliform contamination in drinking water. </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-12-03</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.ipb.ac.id/tasj/article/view/66209</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.5398/tasj.2026.49.1.71</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Tropical Animal Science Journal; Vol. 49 No. 1 (2026): Tropical Animal Science Journal; 71-78</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2615-790X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2615-787X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.5398/tasj.2026.49.1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ipb.ac.id/tasj/article/view/66209/33295</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ipb.ac.id/tasj/article/view/66209/32101</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Tropical Animal Science Journal</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>