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Cell Selection Mechanism Based on Q-learning Environment in Femtocell LTE-A Networks

Journal of ICT Research and Applications (JICTRA) · Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021) · pp. 56–70

DOI
10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2021.15.1.4
ISSN
2338-5499, 2337-5787
Published
2021-07-05
Publisher
DRI - ITB
Language
eng

Abstract

Universal mobile networks require enhanced capability and appropriate quality of service (QoS) and experience (QoE). To achieve this, Long Term Evolution (LTE) system operators have intensively deployed femtocells (HeNBs) along with macrocells (eNBs) to offer user equipment (UE) with optimal capacity coverage and best quality of service. To achieve the requirement of QoS in the handover stage among macrocells and femtocells we need a seamless cell selection mechanism. Cell selection requirements are considered a difficult task in femtocell-based networks and effective cell selection procedures are essential to reduce the ping-pong phenomenon and to minimize needless handovers. In this study, we propose a seamless cell selection scheme for macrocell-femtocell LTE systems, based on the Q-learning environment. A novel cell selection mechanism is proposed for high-density femtocell network topologies to evaluate the target base station in the handover stage. We used the LTE-Sim simulator to implement and evaluate the cell selection procedures. The simulation results were encouraging: a decrease in the control signaling rate and packet loss ratio were observed and at the same time the system throughput was increased.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

20 authors · 49 co-authorship links · 16 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation
  • Universiti Teknologi MARA
  • Iraq University College
  • Universiti Teknologi Petronas
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Sathish Kumar SelvaperumalAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation4
Maythem Kamal AbbasUniversiti Teknologi Petronas3
Mohd Asri MansorUniversiti Teknologi MARA3
Ravi LakshmananAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation2
Haider Ali KhanAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation2
Aden AbdillahiAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation1
Hu Jia DongAffiliation unknown1
Shankar DuraikannanAffiliation unknown1
Mohammed Nazar HusseinAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation1
Thomas O’ DanielAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation1
Mohamed DjamaAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation1
Sathish PerumalAffiliation unknown1
Osama Zaid SalahAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation1
Nai Shyan LaiAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation1
Mohamed Iyad AliAsia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/oai, first harvested 26 Okt 2026, last seen 26 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Cell Selection Mechanism Based on Q-learning Environment in Femtocell LTE-A Networks </dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Bathich, Ammar Abdulrazzak</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Suliman, Saiful Izwan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hj. Mansor, Hj. Mohd Asri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ali, Sinan Ghassan Abid</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Abdulla, Raed</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">cell selection</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">femtocell</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">handover learning</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">LTE-A</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Q-learning</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Universal mobile networks require enhanced capability and appropriate quality of service (QoS) and experience (QoE). To achieve this, Long Term Evolution (LTE) system operators have intensively deployed femtocells (HeNBs) along with macrocells (eNBs) to offer user equipment (UE) with optimal capacity coverage and best quality of service. To achieve the requirement of QoS in the handover stage among macrocells and femtocells we need a seamless cell selection mechanism. Cell selection requirements are considered a difficult task in femtocell-based networks and effective cell selection procedures are essential to reduce the ping-pong phenomenon and to minimize needless handovers. In this study, we propose a seamless cell selection scheme for macrocell-femtocell LTE systems, based on the Q-learning environment. A novel cell selection mechanism is proposed for high-density femtocell network topologies to evaluate the target base station in the handover stage. We used the LTE-Sim simulator to implement and evaluate the cell selection procedures. The simulation results were encouraging: a decrease in the control signaling rate and packet loss ratio were observed and at the same time the system throughput was increased.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">DRI - ITB</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2021-07-05</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/article/view/13696</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2021.15.1.4</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of ICT Research and Applications; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021); 56-70</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-5499</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2337-5787</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2021.15.1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/article/view/13696/5286</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of ICT Research and Applications</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>