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Could Artificial Intelligence be the Subject of Criminal Law?

Yustisia · Vol. 12 No. 1 (2023) · hlm. 1–12

DOI
10.20961/yustisia.v12i1.56065
ISSN
2549-0907, 0852-0941
Terbit
2023-04-16
Penerbit
Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstrak

The use of artificial intelligence can increase productivity and efficiency in various sectors of life. However, it can also potentially cause legal problems especially criminal law if they result in losses. The subject of law in determining who should be responsible is a separate issue. This research examines whether technology using artificial intelligence can be used as the subject of criminal law so that criminal responsibility can be held. This research is normative juridical research with a statutory, conceptual approach and cases related to artificial intelligence and criminal law issues. The study shows that the ability to analyze and make decisions possesed by artificial intelligence can be indicated as "malicious intent". Yet, the concept of punishment for the artificial intelligence system requires a unique formula, as the personality of artificial intelligence cannot be equated with the personality of a human or legal entity. The granting of legal status through a criminal sanction mechanism in the form of machine deactivation, reprogramming, and the severity of destroying machines is expected to provide future solutions to minimize the risk of criminal acts by artificial intelligence.

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  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Sultan Zainal Abidin University
  • IPB University
  • Bandung Institute of Technology
  • Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
  • Tashkent State University of Law
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Hanni GarminiaBandung Institute of Technology3
Hera MaheshwariAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Claude Mona AirinAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Sarmin SarminUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Rarastoeti PratiwiUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Sabarinsyah SabarinsyahBandung Institute of Technology2
Sholahuddin Al-FatihUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang2
Nor Aida Ab KadirSultan Zainal Abidin University2
Nik Nur Nasuha Nik Ahmad RizalSultan Zainal Abidin University2
Arief BudionoMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta1
Heru Santoso Wahito NugrohoPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Said Saidakhrarovich GulyamovTashkent State University of Law1
Abdullah Al MamunAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
TUTY LASWARDI YUSUFAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
ERIC HAYESAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
LUTHFIRALDA SJAHFIRDIAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
DONDIN SAJUTHIAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Hadi Sukardi AlikodraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Bambang PurwantaraIPB University1
Dondin SajuthiIPB University1
Reviany WidjajakusumaIPB University1
Luthfiralda SjahfirdiUniversity of Indonesia1
Muhammad Naufal Prayitno PutraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad Fariz Ash ShiddiqUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Rizki Fitrawan YuneldiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Akhmad Abror As SidiqiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Asmarani KusumawatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Penny Humaidah HamidAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Laurentius Hartanto NugrohoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Sukarti MoeljopawiroUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Retno AryaniMulawarman University1
Bambang RetnoajiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Endah Sri PalupiJenderal Soedirman University1
Firman AlamsyahUniversitas Al-Azhar Indonesia1
Warsito Purwo TarunoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mohd Badrol AwangSultan Zainal Abidin University1
Pudji AstutiState University of Semarang1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/yustisia/oai, pertama di-harvest 10 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 10 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Could Artificial Intelligence be the Subject of Criminal Law?</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Mahardhika, Vita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Astuti, Pudji</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mustaffa, Aminuddin</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Artificial Intelligence, Criminal Law, Legal Subject.</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">The  use  of  artificial  intelligence  can  increase  productivity  and efficiency in various sectors of life. However, it can also potentially cause legal problems especially criminal law if they result in losses. The subject of law in determining who should be responsible is a separate issue. This research examines whether technology using artificial intelligence can be used as the subject of criminal law so that criminal responsibility can be held. This research is normative juridical research with a statutory, conceptual approach and cases related to artificial intelligence and criminal law issues. The study shows that the ability to analyze and make decisions possesed by artificial intelligence can be indicated as "malicious intent".  Yet, the  concept  of  punishment  for  the  artificial intelligence system  requires  a  unique  formula,  as  the  personality  of  artificial intelligence cannot be equated with the personality of a human or  legal  entity.  The  granting  of  legal  status  through  a  criminal sanction  mechanism  in  the  form  of  machine  deactivation, reprogramming, and the severity of destroying machines is expected to provide future solutions to minimize the risk of criminal acts by artificial intelligence.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US"></dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2023-04-16</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
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	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/yustisia/article/view/56065</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20961/yustisia.v12i1.56065</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Yustisia; Vol 12, No 1: April 2023; 1-12</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2549-0907</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0852-0941</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/yustisia/article/view/56065/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2023 Vita Mahardhika</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
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