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Design and Implementation of Triple Band Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Antenna with Compact Size

Journal of ICT Research and Applications (JICTRA) Β· Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021) Β· pp. 120–138

DOI
10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2021.15.2.2
ISSN
2338-5499, 2337-5787
Published
2021-10-07
Publisher
DRI - ITB
Language
eng

Abstract

This study investigated structure strategies and exploratory scenarios for a half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) antenna. The proposed antenna consists of three Hilbert cells, which are simulated by using CST programming. The antenna was manufactured with the realities of minor imperfections and high incorporation. The proposed structure offers a suitable substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) with about a decrease in size by half. In addition, Hilbert cells were added to realize the triple-band characteristics with good impedance matching, radiation patterns, and radiation performance. The antenna was fabricated on h = 1 mm thick dielectric substrate with dielectric constant (πœ€π‘Ÿ = 4.3). The Hilbert cells were drilled on the top plane of the antenna substrate and fed using a microstrip transmission line. The proposed antenna is small, with a slot side length of approximately half of the guided wavelength. The three developed Hilbert cell HMSIW antenna resonates at 3.25, 5.94 and 6.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 2.97, 2.25 and 2.29% within a return loss of ‑38.77, ‑35.82 -23.35 dB, respectively. The results showed enhancements in antenna gain of 3.56, 4.97 and 6.43 dBi, with a radiation efficiency of -1.253, -0.493 and -0.586 dB, respectively.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

6 authors Β· 9 co-authorship links Β· 5 across different organisations

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  • Iraqi University
  • University of Baghdad
  • University of Technology - Iraq
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles Β· bigger circle = more articles
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Ayad Assad IbrahimAffiliation unknown1
Mohammed E. SafiAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/oai, first harvested 26 Okt 2026, last seen 26 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Design and Implementation of Triple Band Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Antenna with Compact Size</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Taha, Zahraa</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Jassim, Hafsa</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ahmed, Anas</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Farhan, Ikhlas</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">microstrip transmission line</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">half mode substrate integrated waveguide</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">substrate integrated waveguide</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">triple-band</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">slot antenna</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">This study investigated structure strategies and exploratory scenarios for a half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) antenna. The proposed antenna consists of three Hilbert cells, which are simulated by using CST programming. The antenna was manufactured with the realities of minor imperfections and high incorporation. The proposed structure offers a suitable substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) with about a decrease in size by half. In addition, Hilbert cells were added to realize the triple-band characteristics with good impedance matching, radiation patterns, and radiation performance. The antenna was fabricated on hΒ =Β 1Β mm thick dielectric substrate with dielectric constant (πœ€π‘ŸΒ =Β 4.3). The Hilbert cells were drilled on the top plane of the antenna substrate and fed using a microstrip transmission line. The proposed antenna is small, with a slot side length of approximately half of the guided wavelength. The three developed Hilbert cell HMSIW antenna resonates at 3.25, 5.94 and 6.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 2.97, 2.25 and 2.29% within a return loss of ‑38.77, ‑35.82 -23.35 dB, respectively. The results showed enhancements in antenna gain of 3.56, 4.97 and 6.43 dBi, with a radiation efficiency of -1.253, -0.493 and -0.586 dB, respectively.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">DRI - ITB</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2021-10-07</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/article/view/15446</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2021.15.2.2</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of ICT Research and Applications; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021); 120-138</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-5499</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2337-5787</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/article/view/15446/5411</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of ICT Research and Applications</dc:rights>
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