This study investigates the phenomenon of fraud involving counterfeit QR codes in electronic transactions in Indonesia, alongside the associated legal implications and criminal liabilities of the offenders. The implementation of QRIS, developed by Bank Indonesia, has significantly accelerated the digitalization of the national payment system. A comprehensive legal analysis, utilizing the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), the Information and Electronic Transactions Law (UU ITE), and Bank Indonesia regulations, reveals that perpetrators are subject to severe criminal penalties, including imprisonment of up to 12 years, multi-billion rupiah fines, and mandatory restitution to victims. Enforcement challenges include difficulties in identifying offenders due to the use of false identities and accounts, coupled with inadequate public awareness regarding the verification of QR codes prior to transaction execution. This research employs a descriptive-analytical methodology, The study recommends enhanced public education, bolstered digital security technologies, and the revision of pertinent regulations to effectively combat QR code–related fraud. In conclusion, counterfeit QR code fraud poses a significant legal challenge that necessitates coordinated efforts among legislators, law enforcement authorities, and the public to maintain the security and trustworthiness of digital transaction systems.
Collaboration network of the authors
3 authors ·
3 co-authorship links
Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.
Universitas Sulawesi Tenggara
Affiliation unknown
Different organisations
Same organisation
Affiliation unknown
Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.