STUDI KENYAMANAN TERMAL PADA BANGUNAN HUNIAN BUGIS (TIMPALAJA) TRADISIONAL KOTA MAKASSAR (TINJAUAN KENYAMANAN RUANG LUAR BANGUNAN)

Abstract

ABSTRAKKeberadaan suatu hunian sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor kenyamanan termal pada bangunan huniantradisional Bugis (Timpalaja), menggunakan metode pendekatan kuantitatif atau studi pendekatan pengukuranlapangan. Variabel Kenyamanan termal berdasarkan kenyamaman termal melalui pengukuran temperatur,kelembaban, kecepatan angin, dan radiasi sinar matahari, penentuan kasus penelitian ini melalui penelitianberdasarkan kriteria material atap timpalaja dan kondisi lingkungan di ruang luar bangunan, terutama tumbuhanatau pepohonan (Vegetasi). Data pengukuran digunakan dengan menggunakan alat ukur antara lain: Thermo-Hygrometer, Altimeter, Anenometer, dan radiasi cahaya matahari (suns radiation).Sedangkan pengamatankemampuan pengendalianradiasi sinar matahari dipengaruhi oleh kerapatan dan ketebalan tajukpepohonan.Tujuan dari Penelitian untuk mendapatklan kenyamanan termal bangunan hunian dan lingkunganluar bangunan (Out door thermal). Hasil perekaman dan pengukuran di analisis secara kuantitatif denganmenggunakan standar ASHRAE kenyamanan termal penelitian terdahulu. Hasil penelitian di dinding sisiBangunan Tradisional menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara timpa laja atap bambu dengantimpa laja atap seng, membuktikan pada pagi hari timpa laja atap bambu lebih rendah temperaturnya (0 C) sekitar25,5 0 C, dan siang hari timpalaja atap seng tertinggi 26,5 0 C, Sedangkan di Bangunan tradisional, siang haritimpa laja atap bambu mencapai suhu terendah 30,5 0 C, dan suhu tertinggi timpa laja atap seng, suhu tertinggisekitar 35 0C, namun kelembaban (RH) timpa laja atap bambu tertinggi sekitar 75% dari pada atap timpalajaatap seng terendah 68%, Hasil uji regresi untuk mengetahui variable X1 (faktor pepohonan / tumbuhan) yangberpengaruh terhadap variabel Y1(atap bambu),dan Y2 (atap seng) yaitu suhu udara/ temperatur ( faktor MaterialAtap ) menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan dengan taraf kesalahan 5% ( p 0,05 ), ternyata suhu udara/temperatur ( material atap ) dan dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan manusia dan pakaian sebesar 50,70 %, sedangkan49,30% dipengaruhi oleh faktor kenyamanan ruang luar (pepohonan / tumbuhan).Kata Kunci: Bangunan tradisional, Bugis, Kenyamanan Termal, Ruang Luar, TimpalajaABSTRACKThe are with property as very effects in factor-factor thermal comport as Bugis Tradisional so haves toapproach kuantitatif methode as nears measurement feasibility out door. Variable thermal comfort as basicthermal comfort, the are measurement Temperature, Humidity,Wind Velocity and suns radiation, The issuesresearch this is measures as basic material sfecification roof timpalaja and environment condition outdoor building, the sfecification of vegetation. The measure of references as have in parameter ad:. Thermo-Hygrometer, Altimeter, Anenometer, and Suns Radiation. Besaids ability measuredradiation as controllingas very-very at nearest and asolid vegetation and thicknes canopy vegetation. The purpose as with to hadscomfort thermal building property and out door building environment out door thermal. The fhinish at recordand measures in analysis be of kuantitatif with had to used standart ASHRAE research termal comfortpradesign. The fhinish research in behind Building Traditional about, and justick the are not all significant atbetween as roof timpalaja bamboo and roof timpalaja zinc, the realisation in day morning at lowtemperature 25,5 0 C, and at day siang the usead roof timpa laja zinc at highs temperature 26,50C, Besaids atday siang in area, uses Building Traditional Timpalaja roof bamboo at low temperature 30,50 C, andtemperature at hights as roof timpalaja zinc at hights temperature 35 0C, and justick the Humidity (RH)timpa laja roof bamboo, tempetatur 78%, besides the Humidity (RH)used timpa laja roof timpalaja zinc, withas lows temperature68%.The testing finaly fhinish as regretionif to realize variable X1 ( vegetation factor) theeffects with variable Y1 (temperature ) are just significant different across signed 5 % ( p 0,05 ), The justickas effects vegetation factor 50,70%, and besides 49,30 % as effect comport thermal out door.Keyword: Building Tradisional, Bugis, Comfort Thermal, Out Door, Timpalaja