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Jurnal SINTA 2

An Integrated Model of Emotional Intelligence, Leadership, and Game Playability in Enhancing Team Effectiveness in MMOGs

Journal of ICT Research and Applications (JICTRA) · Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025) · pp. 235–257

DOI
10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2025.18.3.4
ISSN
2338-5499, 2337-5787
Published
2025-07-31
Publisher
DRI - ITB
Language
eng

Abstract

Massively multiplayer online games (MMOGs) are becoming more and more significant places for people to work together online. Researchers still do not know much about how individual traits affect how teams work together in games. Studies on players and game playability are still in the early stages. This study performed a quantitative analysis of data from 1,038 Chinese online players to investigate the interrelations between emotional intelligence (EI), transformational leadership (TL), team effectiveness (TE), and playability (PB). Drawing on the Input–Process–Output (IPO) model, social identity theory, and user experience theory, the research focused on how individual characteristics shape team outcomes and player experiences. The findings of this study indicate that both EI and TL have a positive impact on TE, which acts as a key mediating variable influencing the impact of both on PB. The findings also show that EI has a stronger link to PB than TL does. Notably, EI demonstrates a stronger association with PB than TL, highlighting its crucial role in enhancing team coordination and overall game enjoyment. This research augments current theories on virtual team collaboration and offers pragmatic guidance for game developers to improve player engagement and team coordination in online settings.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

5 authors · 10 co-authorship links · 4 across different organisations

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  • Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/oai, first harvested 26 Okt 2026, last seen 26 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">An Integrated Model of Emotional Intelligence, Leadership, and Game Playability in Enhancing Team Effectiveness in MMOGs</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Gong, Xiaoxue</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Abdullah , Lili Nurliyana </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Jantan, Azrul Hazri </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mohd Norowi , Noris</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Karymsakova , Anara</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">emotional intelligence</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">massively multiplayer online games</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">playability</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">team effectiveness</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">transformational leadership</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Massively multiplayer online games (MMOGs) are becoming more and more significant places for people to work together online. Researchers still do not know much about how individual traits affect how teams work together in games.  Studies on players and game playability are still in the early stages. This study performed a quantitative analysis of data from 1,038 Chinese online players to investigate the interrelations between emotional intelligence (EI), transformational leadership (TL), team effectiveness (TE), and playability (PB). Drawing on the Input–Process–Output (IPO) model, social identity theory, and user experience theory, the research focused on how individual characteristics shape team outcomes and player experiences. The findings of this study indicate that both EI and TL have a positive impact on TE, which acts as a key mediating variable influencing the impact of both on PB. The findings also show that EI has a stronger link to PB than TL does. Notably, EI demonstrates a stronger association with PB than TL, highlighting its crucial role in enhancing team coordination and overall game enjoyment. This research augments current theories on virtual team collaboration and offers pragmatic guidance for game developers to improve player engagement and team coordination in online settings.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">DRI - ITB</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/article/view/25136</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2025.18.3.4</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of ICT Research and Applications; Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025); 235-257</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-5499</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2337-5787</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2025.18.3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/article/view/25136/7091</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of ICT Research and Applications</dc:rights>
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