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Enhancing IoT Cybersecurity with Multi-Layer Deep Transfer Learning Approach for Intrusion Detection

Journal of ICT Research and Applications (JICTRA) · Vol. 19 No. 3 (2026) · pp. 275–292

DOI
10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2026.19.3.4
ISSN
2338-5499, 2337-5787
Published
2026-05-26
Publisher
DRI - ITB
Language
eng

Abstract

Intrusion detection in IoT-enabled cloud environments is challenged by high-dimensional traffic, class imbalance, and limited labeled data. This paper proposes a hybrid framework combining Golden Jackal–Grey Wolf Optimization (GJO-GWO) for feature selection with a Kernel Mean Alignment Autoencoder (KMA-AE) for deep transfer learning. GJO-GWO selects a compact, discriminative feature subset, while KMA-AE aligns source and target latent representations to mitigate distribution mismatch. Experiments on the CIDDS-001 dataset achieve 90.21% accuracy and 0.90 macro-F1, with improved precision–recall for minority attacks and a 60% feature reduction. Although training is more expensive, the method attains the lowest inference time, enabling real-time deployment. Overall, the framework provides an effective and generalizable intrusion detection solution for dynamic IoT environments.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

6 authors · 15 co-authorship links · 3 across different organisations

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  • Vellore Institute of Technology University
  • Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology & Sciences
  • Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/oai, first harvested 26 Okt 2026, last seen 26 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc)
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Enhancing IoT Cybersecurity with Multi-Layer Deep Transfer Learning Approach for Intrusion Detection</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Rapaka, Anuj</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Karthik, Govindan Manoharan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Sudhir, Balla</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Sree, Gurram Venkata Naga Bhagya</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kumar, Narendra</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mohan, Jyothi Nelahonne</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">auto encoders</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">golden jackal-grey wolf hybrid optimization algorithm</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">intrusion detection systems</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">kernel mean alignment</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">malicious events</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Intrusion detection in IoT-enabled cloud environments is challenged by high-dimensional traffic, class imbalance, and limited labeled data. This paper proposes a hybrid framework combining Golden Jackal–Grey Wolf Optimization (GJO-GWO) for feature selection with a Kernel Mean Alignment Autoencoder (KMA-AE) for deep transfer learning. GJO-GWO selects a compact, discriminative feature subset, while KMA-AE aligns source and target latent representations to mitigate distribution mismatch. Experiments on the CIDDS-001 dataset achieve 90.21% accuracy and 0.90 macro-F1, with improved precision–recall for minority attacks and a 60% feature reduction. Although training is more expensive, the method attains the lowest inference time, enabling real-time deployment. Overall, the framework provides an effective and generalizable intrusion detection solution for dynamic IoT environments.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">DRI - ITB</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-05-26</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/octet-stream</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/article/view/25761</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2026.19.3.4</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of ICT Research and Applications; Vol. 19 No. 3 (2026); 275-292</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-5499</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2337-5787</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2026.19.3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jictra/article/view/25761/7381</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of ICT Research and Applications</dc:rights>
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