Fitoremediasi Limbah Laundry Kota Kendari Menggunakan Tanaman Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.)

Abstract

This study aims to determine how much the ability of Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Plants to accumulate phosphate laundry waste from Kendari City and to determine the phytoremediation mechanism of laundry waste by calculating the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) phosphate in Pandan plant was planted on media with varying concentrations of laundry waste. This type of experimental research was prepared based on the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) pattern consisting of control P0 (1,000 mL water) and 4 treatments: P1 (250 mL laundry waste + 750 mL water), P2 (500 mL laundry waste + 500 mL water), P3 (750 mL laundry waste + 250 mL water) and P4 (1,000 mL laundry waste). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the largest accumulation of laundry waste phosphate in Pandan Wangi plants was in treatment P4 (0.071%), then P3 (0.063%), P2 (0.061%), P1 (0.059%) and P0 (0.055%). Based on the Anova test, the average of each treatment was not significantly different from the control of laundry waste phosphate accumulation. The Pandan Wangi plant (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) was able to phytoremediation laundry waste through a phytoextraction mechanism with BCF 1 and TF 1 values. Keywords: Phytoremediation, Pandananus amaryllifolius Roxb., Bioconcentration, Translocation, Laundry Waste. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kemampuan tanaman Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) mengakumulasi fosfat limbah laundry yang berasal dari kota Kendari dan untuk mengetahui mekanisme fitoremediasi limbah laundry dengan menghitung faktor biokonsentrasi (BCF) dan faktor translokasi (TF) fosfat dalam tanaman Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) yang ditanam pada media dengan variasi konsentrasi limbah laundry. Jenis penelitian eksperimental disusun berdasarkan pola Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari kontrol P0 (1.000 mL air) dan 4 perlakuan: P1 (250 mL limbah laundry + 750 mL air), P2 (500 mL limbah laundry + 500 mL air), P3 (750 mL limbah laundry + 250 mL air) dan P4 (1.000 mL limbah laundry). Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Varian (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akumulasi fosfat limbah laundry dalam tanaman Pandan Wangi, terbesar pada perlakuan P4 (0,071 %), kemudian P3 (0,063 % ), P2 (0,061%), P1 (0,059 %) dan P0 (0,055 %). Berdasarkan uji Anova, rata – rata setiap perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol terhadap akumulasi fosfat limbah laundry. Tanaman Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) bersifat indikator dan mampu melakukan fitoremediasi limbah laundry melalui mekanisme fitoekstraksi dengan nilai BCF 1 dan TF 1. Kata Kunci: Fitoremediasi, Pandan Wangi, Biokonsentrasi, Translokasi, Limbah laundry.