UJI EFEK ANTIHIPERGLIKEMIK EKSTRAK AIR DAUN KACA PIRING (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH TIKUS JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI STREPTOZOTOSIN

Abstract

ABSTRACTDiabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) due to the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the body cannot use the insulin it produces effectively. Gardenia leaves (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) contain natural hydrocolloids which have a hypoglycemic effect. The designs used were pre-and post-test with control group design. 24 rats were divided into 6 groups. The negative control group was given 0.5% CMC-Na, the positive control group was given 5 mg glibenclamide, and the three treatment groups were given an extract of gardenia leaves (G. jasminoides Ellis.) with doses of 1.25 g/kg BW, 2.5 g/kg BW, and 5 g/kg BW. Rats were induced by 40 mg/kg BW streptozotocin intraperitoneally, and then 24 hours after induction, blood glucose levels were measured. Then the treatment was carried out in each group for 7 days. After that, blood glucose levels were measured using a spectrophotometer. The results of phytochemical screening of gardenia leaves were positive for saponins and pectin. The average difference in blood glucose level changes in each group was 440 mg/dL for the positive control group, 47 mg/dL for the negative control group, 284 mg/dL for the 1.25 g/kg BW-dose group, 356 mg/dL for the 2.5 g/kg BW dose-group, 313 mg/dL for the 5 g/kg BW-dose group, and -14 mg/dL for the normal group. The conclusion of this study is that the extract of gardenia leaves (G. jasminoides Elis.) has an anti-hyperglycemic effect on blood glucose levels of male Wistar rats with type II DM (Sig. 0.05).Keywords: Antihyperglycemic, blood glucose, Gardenia jasminoides, STZABSTRAKDiabetes Melitus merupakan gangguan metabolik menahun yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa darah (hiperglikemia) akibat pankreas tidak memproduksi cukup insulin atau tubuh tidak dapat menggunakan insulin yang diproduksi secara efektif. Daun kacapiring (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) mengandung hidrokoloidalamiyang mempunyai efek hipoglikemik. Desain yang digunakan adalah pre and post test with control group design. Tikus sebanyak 24 ekor dibagi dalam 6 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol negative diberi CMC-Na 0,5%, kelompok kontrol positif diberi glibenklamid 5 mg, 3 kelompok perlakuan diberi ekstrak air daun kacapiring (G. jasminoides Ellis.) dengan dosis berturut-turut 1,25 g/kgBB, 2,5 g/kgBB, 5 g/kgBB, kelompok Kontrol Normal. Tikus diinduksi streptozotocin 40 mg/kgBB secara intraperitoneal, 24 jam setelah induksi dilakukan pengukuran kadar glukosa darah tikus. Kemudian dilakukan Perlakuan pada tiap kelompok selama 7 hari Setelah itu, dilakukan pengukuran kadar glukosa darah menggunakan spektrofotometer.Hasil skrining fitokimia daun kacapiring positif mengandung saponin dan pektin.Rerata selisih perubahan kadar glukosa darah pada tiap kelompok yaitu kontrol positif sebesar 440 mg/dL, kontrol negatif sebesar 47 mg/dL, dosis 1,25 g/kgBB sebesar 284 mg/dL, dosis 2,5 g/kgBB sebesar 356 mg/dL, dan dosis 5 g/kgBB sebesar 313 mg/dL, kelompok normal sebesar -14 mg/dL. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ekstrak air daun kacapiring (G. jasminoides Elis.) memiliki efek antihiperglikemi terhadap kadar glukosa darah tikus jantan galur wistar model DM tipe II (Sig. 0,05).Kata kunci: Antihiperglikemik, Gardenia jasminoides, glukosa darah, STZ