An elevator is a vertical means of transportation in multi-storey buildings which is usually used to transport goods or people. Automation is the replacement of human power with machine power to automatically carry out and manage work so that it no longer requires human supervision. This research aims to obtain a prototype design that can control the elevator working system in a 4-story building. The design of this research starts from creating a ladder diagram program and testing it, transferring the program to a smart relay, creating a layout and installing wiring for a 3-phase power circuit and control circuit, testing a prototype using an electric motor, analyzing the relationship between load, current, power, speed and motor torque. electricity. Prototype testing shows that if the elevator goes up, motor 1 rotates forward, if the elevator goes down, motor 1 rotates in reverse, if the elevator door opens, motor 2 rotates forward and if the elevator door closes, motor 2 rotates in reverse. The results of the analysis of the relationship between load, current, power, speed and torque of the motor show that the current, power and torque of the motor are directly proportional to changes in motor load. Meanwhile, motor speed is inversely proportional to changes in motor load. In no-load conditions, the current, power and torque of the motor are 1.25 A, 11.93 Watt, 0.03 Nm respectively. Motor rotation is 2966 rpm. Under maximum load conditions (86.47 kg), the current absorbed by the motor is 2.02 A with a power of 270.91 Watts, a torque of 0.66 Nm and a rotation speed of 2891 rpm.
Bahasa Indonesia
Lift merupakan alat transportasi vertikal pada bangunan bertingkat yang biasa digunakan untuk mengangkut barang atau orang. Otomatisasi adalah penggantian tenaga manusia dengan tenaga mesin secara otomatis melakukan dan mengatur pekerjaan sehingga tidak memerlukan lagi pengawasan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan rancangan prototipe yang dapat mengontrol sistem kerja lift pada bangunan 4 lantai. Perancangan penelitian ini dimulai dari pembuatan program diagram ladder dan mengujinya, memindahkan program ke smart relay, pembuatan layout dan pemasangan wiring rangkaian daya 3 fasa dan rangkaian pengontrolan, menguji prototipe menggunakan motor listrik, menganalisa hubungan antara beban, arus, daya, kecepatan dan torsi motor listrik. Pengujian prototipe menunjukkan jika lift naik motor 1 berputar forward, jika lift turun motor 1 berputar reverse, jika pintu lift terbuka motor 2 berputar forward dan jika pintu lift menutup motor 2 berputar reverse. Hasil analisa hubungan antara beban, arus, daya, kecepatan dan torsi motor menunjukkan bahwa arus, daya dan torsi motor berbanding lurus dengan perubahan beban motor. Sedangkan kecepatan motor berbanding terbalik dengan perubahan beban motor. Pada kondisi tanpa beban, besaran arus, daya dan torsi motor masing-masing 1,25 A, 11,93 Watt, 0,03 Nm. Putaran motor sebesar 2966 rpm. Pada kondisi beban maksimal (86,47 kg), arus yang diserap motor sebesar 2,02 A dengan daya 270,91 Watt, torsi sebesar 0,66 Nm dan kecepatan putarannya sebesar 2891 rpm
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