Optimization of Maintenance Program and Improvement of Wire Crane Performance by Mitigating Risks in the Loading and Unloading Process of the MV. Hanglima

Abstract

English

Wire cranes play a crucial role in the loading and unloading process on ships, especially in ports lacking land-based crane facilities. However, several problems were encountered on the MV Hanglima, including wire rope damage, overloading, and poor operational risk mitigation. This study aims to analyze wire crane maintenance, optimize its performance, and identify mitigation strategies for potential damage and accidents. The study employed a case study approach with thematic analysis, through observation, interviews, and documentation on board the MV Hanglima. The results indicate that the frequency of wire crane maintenance depends on the intensity of use and the working environment. Lifting loads exceeding safe limits can accelerate wire rope damage and reduce crane operational efficiency. Furthermore, lack of operator training, negligence in the use of personal protective equipment, and weak communication systems contribute to the increased risk of workplace accidents. Effective mitigation strategies include regular inspections, the use of load sensors, routine lubrication, and the implementation of emergency response standard operating procedures (SOPs). In conclusion, optimizing maintenance programs and integrated risk mitigation can improve wire crane performance and support the smooth and safe loading and unloading process on board.

Bahasa Indonesia

Wire crane memiliki peranan penting dalam proses bongkar muat di kapal, terutama di pelabuhan yang tidak memiliki fasilitas crane darat. Namun, pada Kapal MV Hanglima ditemukan beberapa permasalahan seperti kerusakan wire rope, kelebihan beban (overloading), serta lemahnya mitigasi terhadap risiko operasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perawatan wire crane, mengoptimalkan kinerjanya, serta mengidentifikasi strategi mitigasi terhadap potensi kerusakan dan kecelakaan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus dengan metode analisis tematik, melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi di atas Kapal MV Hanglima. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi perawatan wire crane bergantung pada intensitas penggunaan dan lingkungan kerja. Beban angkat yang melebihi batas aman dapat mempercepat kerusakan wire rope dan menurunkan efisiensi operasional crane. Selain itu, kurangnya pelatihan operator, kelalaian dalam penggunaan alat pelindung diri, serta lemahnya sistem komunikasi menjadi penyebab meningkatnya risiko kecelakaan kerja. Strategi mitigasi yang efektif meliputi inspeksi berkala, penggunaan sensor beban, pelumasan rutin, serta penerapan SOP penanganan darurat. Kesimpulannya, optimalisasi program maintenance dan mitigasi risiko secara terintegrasi dapat meningkatkan kinerja wire crane serta mendukung kelancaran dan keselamatan proses bongkar muat di atas kapal.

Keywords

• pelayaran