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Legal Realism Perspective on the International Court of Justice Judges in the 2023–2024 Israeli Occupation of Palestine

Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs · Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026) · pp. 49–60

DOI
10.31947/hjirs.v6i1.48473
ISSN
2775-3336, 2774-7328
Published
2026-02-18
Publisher
Department of International Relations, Hasanuddin University
Language
en

Abstract

The research analyzes how legal and political factors, as well as personal considerations, influence judges' decisions at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in the 2023-2024 South Africa v. Israel case. From a legal realist perspective, this paper analyzes the work of 15 judges of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). The study explores the potential impact of national ties, political contexts, and external interest groups on the court's temporary orders. The present study posits that extraneous power relations, interest groups, and interest-based partnerships, alongside political alliances, can influence the judicial system's administration of justice. The article's conclusion posits that, despite the ostensible autonomy of International Court of Justice (ICJ) judges, their jurisprudence in political cases often aligns with the foreign policies of their respective nations. This observation calls into question the prevailing concept of legal fairness within the framework of international law. The findings show that judges vote in line with their states’ geopolitical interests in which political alignments steer judicial reasoning.

Keywords

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5 authors · 5 co-authorship links

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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Muhammad Rafli LubisAffiliation unknown1
Aulia Karin SalsabilaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/hujia/oai, first harvested 2 Nov 2026, last seen 2 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Legal Realism Perspective on the International Court of Justice Judges in the 2023–2024 Israeli Occupation of Palestine</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ramadhani Salsabila, Nasywa</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Aswar, Hasbi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Munzilin, Khairul</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Legal Realism</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">International Court of Justice</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Palestine-Israel conflict</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">international law</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The research analyzes how legal and political factors, as well as personal considerations, influence judges' decisions at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in the 2023-2024 South Africa v. Israel case. From a legal realist perspective, this paper analyzes the work of 15 judges of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). The study explores the potential impact of national ties, political contexts, and external interest groups on the court's temporary orders. The present study posits that extraneous power relations, interest groups, and interest-based partnerships, alongside political alliances, can influence the judicial system's administration of justice. The article's conclusion posits that, despite the ostensible autonomy of International Court of Justice (ICJ) judges, their jurisprudence in political cases often aligns with the foreign policies of their respective nations. This observation calls into question the prevailing concept of legal fairness within the framework of international law. The findings show that judges vote in line with their states’ geopolitical interests in which political alignments steer judicial reasoning.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Department of International Relations, Hasanuddin University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-02-18</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/hujia/article/view/48473</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.31947/hjirs.v6i1.48473</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026); 49 - 60</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2775-3336</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2774-7328</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.31947/hjirs.v6i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/hujia/article/view/48473/14174</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>