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Factors Affecting Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder among Search and Rescue Team in Makassar

Indonesian Contemporary Nursing Journal (ICON Journal) · Vol. ume No. 2 (2021) · pp. 49–57

DOI
10.20956/icon.v5i2.9032
ISSN
2686-116X, 2528-2557
Published
2021-02-28
Publisher
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Hasanuddin
Language
en

Abstract

Introduction: Disaster is an unwanted event and usually occur suddenly and is accompanied by many victims. Disasters can have many impacts, both physical and psychological. The psychological impact that can arise on disaster victims is called Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Not only on the victim, the person who served as a helper also can have psychological disorders. Psychological disorders in these helpers are called Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder (STSD). This study was aimed to identify factors that influence the incidence STSD the Search and Rescue (SAR) teams in universities and BASARNAS Makassar. Method: This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach using total sampling techniques the samples in this study were all sar and basrnas member (n=60) who agreed to be the respondent and have involved in rescue activity on one last year. Data is collected by distributing questionnaires. Questionnaires used were Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale and Crisis Support Scale. The statistical test used Chi square test, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis. Result: The study showed that there was a relationship between the frequency of exposure, social support, and the length of work (p<0,05) and the incidence of STSD. However, the type of exposure has no significant relationship with the incidence of STSD. Conclusion: Social support is the most significant factor compared to the frequency of exposure, the type of disaster and length of work / joining. This research is expected to provide additional information on STSD risk factors. For future researchers, in order to examine other variables which is trauma history and coping mechanism the SAR team to experience symptoms of STSD

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 81 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • IPB University
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Lampung
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Institut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Yuliana SyamAffiliation unknown3
Asnath Maria FuahAffiliation unknown2
Melati FajariniAffiliation unknown2
Abdul MajidUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Saldy YusufAffiliation unknown2
Cece SumantriIPB University1
Asep GunawanIPB University1
Ratna Sholatia HarahapIPB University1
Kasita ListyariniIPB University1
Salman YusufAffiliation unknown1
Luki AbdullahIPB University1
Rachmat SomanjayaAffiliation unknown1
Mohamad Agus SetiadiAffiliation unknown1
Agung Prastyo NugrohoAffiliation unknown1
Merryafinola IfaniAffiliation unknown1
Suhartati SuhartatiAffiliation unknown1
Anhar Faisal FananiUniversitas Nahdlatul Ulama Lampung1
Komang Gede WiryawanIPB University1
Salundik SalundikAffiliation unknown1
La Ode Safiun ArihiUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Hikmawati HikmawatiAffiliation unknown1
Dani SetiawanUniversitas Airlangga1
Irdam IrdamAffiliation unknown1
Fransiskus OdiAffiliation unknown1
RAHMATIA RAHMATIAUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Hamrullah HamrullahAffiliation unknown1
Andi Arya Setiawan JuniorAffiliation unknown1
Muh. Alwy ArifinAffiliation unknown1
Arifin SewengAffiliation unknown1
Nurfadhilah NurfadhilahInstitut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare1
Dewita Amanda BandungAffiliation unknown1
Rosdiana NatzirAffiliation unknown1
Chyntia Novita KalaloAffiliation unknown1
Moh. Syafar SangkalaAffiliation unknown1
Sumitarianti BahrisAffiliation unknown1
Agus SetiawanUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Debi SambakAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/icon/oai, first harvested 2 Nov 2026, last seen 2 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Factors Affecting Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder among Search and Rescue Team in Makassar</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rahayu, Sri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sjattar, Elly Lilianty</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Seniwati, Tuti</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">STSD</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">SAR Team</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Disaster</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Introduction: Disaster is an unwanted event and usually occur suddenly and is accompanied by many victims. Disasters can have many impacts, both physical and psychological. The psychological impact that can arise on disaster victims is called Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Not only on the victim, the person who served as a helper also can have psychological disorders. Psychological disorders in these helpers are called Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder (STSD). This study was aimed to  identify factors that influence the incidence STSD the Search and Rescue (SAR) teams in universities and BASARNAS Makassar. Method: This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach using total sampling techniques the samples in this study were all sar and basrnas member (n=60) who agreed to be the respondent and have involved in rescue activity on one last year. Data is collected by distributing questionnaires. Questionnaires used were Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale and Crisis Support Scale.  The statistical test used Chi square test, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis. Result: The study showed that there was a relationship between the frequency of exposure, social support, and the length of work (p&amp;lt;0,05) and the incidence of STSD. However, the type of exposure has no significant relationship with the incidence of STSD. Conclusion: Social support is the most significant factor compared to the frequency of exposure, the type of disaster and length of work / joining. This research is expected to provide additional information on STSD risk factors. For future researchers, in order to examine other variables which is trauma history and coping mechanism the SAR team to experience symptoms of STSD</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Hasanuddin</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2021-02-28</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/icon/article/view/9032</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20956/icon.v5i2.9032</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Indonesian Contemporary Nursing Journal (ICON Journal); Volume 5 No. 2 Februari 2021; 49-57</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2686-116X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-2557</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/icon/article/view/9032/6524</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2021 Indonesian Contemporary Nursing Journal</dc:rights>
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