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Biological Control of Fungal Phytopathogens with Trichoderma harzianum and Its Fungicidal Compatibility

International Journal of Applied Biology · Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023) · pp. 47–58

ISSN
2580-2119, 2580-2410
Published
2023-06-23
Publisher
Hasanuddin University
Language
en

Abstract

Excessive synthetic fungicide use reduces soil's antagonistic population, allowing soil-borne plant pathogens to cause significant global losses. Despite high fungicide application, plant diseases persist, harming the ecosystem. Trichoderma spp, an eco-friendly plant symbiont, can serve as an alternative biocontrol agent. This study evaluated Trichoderma harzianum's antagonistic effect against fungal pathogens and its compatibility with fungicides under in-vitro using a Completely Randomized Design with four replications per treatment. Trichoderma harzianum showed high antagonistic activity for Alternaria brassicicola (70.35%), Fusarium solani (70.82%), Helminthosporium sorokinana (66.55%), Rhizoctonia solani (78.58%), Sclerotium rolfsii (92.53%). Among the tested fungicides, Copper oxychloride and Mancoxeb at 400 ppm showed maximum compatibility with growth inhibition percent (GIP) of 2.41% and 7.91%, respectively, after 60 hours of incubation. Fungicides viz., Carbendazim, Hexaconazole, and Carbendazim+Mancozeb at all concentrations aren’t compatible with 100% GIP throughout the experiment, and for Metalaxyl+Mancozeb, high growth inhibition percent was observed ranging from 42.77% to 78.40% making it incompatible. In integrated disease management, compatible fungicides at recommended doses can be used in combination with T. harzianum.

Keywords

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12 authors · 32 co-authorship links

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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Lok Bahadur PunAffiliation unknown3
Rajan PaudelAffiliation unknown3
Ghanashyam BhandariAffiliation unknown1
Shishir NeupaneAffiliation unknown1
Suroj PokhrelAffiliation unknown1
Sundar TiwariAffiliation unknown1
Pratibha AdhikariAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/ijoab/oai, first harvested 3 Nov 2026, last seen 3 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Biological Control of Fungal Phytopathogens with Trichoderma  harzianum and Its Fungicidal Compatibility</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Poudel, Sudeep</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Khanal, Pratit </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">C., Bigyan K.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Pokharel, Sadikshya </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Gauli, Sandesh </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Trichoderma</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fungicides</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Food Poisoned Technique</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Integrated Disease  Management</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Antagonistic Effect</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Excessive synthetic fungicide use reduces soil's antagonistic population, allowing soil-borne plant pathogens to cause significant global losses. Despite high fungicide application, plant diseases persist, harming the ecosystem. Trichoderma spp, an eco-friendly plant symbiont, can serve as an alternative biocontrol agent. This study evaluated Trichoderma harzianum's antagonistic effect against fungal pathogens and its compatibility with fungicides under in-vitro  using a Completely Randomized Design with four replications per treatment. Trichoderma harzianum showed high antagonistic activity for Alternaria brassicicola (70.35%), Fusarium solani (70.82%), Helminthosporium sorokinana (66.55%), Rhizoctonia solani (78.58%), Sclerotium rolfsii (92.53%). Among the tested fungicides, Copper oxychloride and Mancoxeb at 400 ppm showed maximum compatibility with growth inhibition percent (GIP) of 2.41% and 7.91%, respectively, after 60 hours of incubation. Fungicides viz., Carbendazim, Hexaconazole, and Carbendazim+Mancozeb at all concentrations aren’t compatible with 100% GIP throughout the experiment, and for Metalaxyl+Mancozeb, high growth inhibition percent was observed ranging from 42.77% to 78.40% making it incompatible. In integrated disease management, compatible fungicides at recommended doses can be used in combination with T. harzianum.
 </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Hasanuddin University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-06-23</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/ijoab/article/view/26502</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">International Journal of Applied Biology; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): International Journal of Applied Biology; 47-58</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2580-2119</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2580-2410</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/ijoab/article/view/26502/9938</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Applied Biology</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>