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Surface Ocean Current Variability Near Selayar Island During the Three El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Phases

JURNAL GEOCELEBES · Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026) · pp. 82–95

DOI
10.70561/geocelebes.v10i1.49626
ISSN
2579-5546, 2579-5821
Published
2026-04-01
Publisher
Departemen Geofisika, FMIPA - Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
Language
en
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstract

This study investigates the seasonal and interannual variability of surface ocean currents around Selayar Island, Indonesia, with a focus on differences among the three phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Monthly surface current data from 1993 to 2020 were analyzed using climatological, composite, and anomaly approaches. The results reveal a spatially heterogeneous current structure that is dominated by seasonal variability, with domain-averaged current magnitudes ranging from approximately 0.085–0.305 ms-1. Interannual variability related to ENSO is evident mainly in the magnitude of surface current anomalies, which range approximately 0.03–0.05 ms-1 during El Niño and increase to about 0.07–0.09 ms-1 during La Niña, with peak values reaching ~0.10–0.12 ms-1. This indicates that ENSO primarily modulates current intensity rather than flow direction. Differences in anomaly direction are more pronounced under Neutral conditions, where anomaly patterns differ from those observed during both El Niño and La Niña phases. Overall, the results indicate that ENSO acts as an interannual modulation of surface currents, while monsoonal forcing remains the primary control on surface current dynamics in the study region.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

12 authors · 40 co-authorship links

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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Sri MaryatiAffiliation unknown1
Dea SalsabillaAffiliation unknown1
Airin Mey LestariAffiliation unknown1
Siti Halima Tusya’diyah NSTAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad AprendiAffiliation unknown1
Farel ZahardiAffiliation unknown1
Iqbal RamadhanAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad RiyadhAffiliation unknown1
Imra ImraAffiliation unknown1
Burhanuddin IhsanAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/geocelebes/oai, first harvested 3 Nov 2026, last seen 3 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Surface Ocean Current Variability Near Selayar Island During the Three El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Phases</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Andika, Andika</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Warouw, Gladiva</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">anomaly</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">ENSO</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Selayar</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Surface Current</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Variability</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study investigates the seasonal and interannual variability of surface ocean currents around Selayar Island, Indonesia, with a focus on differences among the three phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Monthly surface current data from 1993 to 2020 were analyzed using climatological, composite, and anomaly approaches. The results reveal a spatially heterogeneous current structure that is dominated by seasonal variability, with domain-averaged current magnitudes ranging from approximately 0.085–0.305 ms-1. Interannual variability related to ENSO is evident mainly in the magnitude of surface current anomalies, which range approximately 0.03–0.05 ms-1 during El Niño and increase to about 0.07–0.09 ms-1 during La Niña, with peak values reaching ~0.10–0.12 ms-1. This indicates that ENSO primarily modulates current intensity rather than flow direction. Differences in anomaly direction are more pronounced under Neutral conditions, where anomaly patterns differ from those observed during both El Niño and La Niña phases. Overall, the results indicate that ENSO acts as an interannual modulation of surface currents, while monsoonal forcing remains the primary control on surface current dynamics in the study region.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Departemen Geofisika, FMIPA - Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-04-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/geocelebes/article/view/49626</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.70561/geocelebes.v10i1.49626</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">JURNAL GEOCELEBES; Vol. 10 No. 1: April 2026; 82–95</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2579-5546</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2579-5821</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/geocelebes/article/view/49626/14293</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 JURNAL GEOCELEBES</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>