PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PERENCANAAN KEHAMILAN DAN ANTENATAL CARE DI PUSKESMAS TAMAMAUNG: Improvement of Pregnancy Planning and Antenatal Care Knowledge at Tamamaung Community Health Center

Abstract

Komplikasi kehamilan masih menjadi salah satu penyebab utama meningkatnya Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) di Indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan dan kesadaran pasangan usia subur serta ibu hamil tentang perencanaan kehamilan dan pentingnya pemeriksaan antenatal (ANC) secara teratur. Upaya edukasi melalui penyuluhan kesehatan merupakan strategi preventif yang efektif untuk meningkatkan literasi kesehatan reproduksi dan mendukung deteksi dini risiko kehamilan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan intervensi edukatif yang terstruktur berupa penyuluhan untuk memperkuat pemahaman masyarakat tentang skrining komplikasi kehamilan dan antenatal care. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada September 2025 di Puskesmas Tamamaung. Peserta penyuluhan adalah semua perempuan usia reproduksi yang datang ke poli ibu dan anak yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Tahapan penyuluhan meliputi pre-test, presentasi interaktif mengenai perencanaan kehamilan dan skrining antenatal care, sesi tanya jawab, serta post-test di akhir kegiatan. Evaluasi efektivitas penyuluhan dilakukan dengan membandingkan skor pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah. Uji Shapiro–Wilk digunakan untuk menilai normalitas distribusi data, sedangkan uji Wilcoxon digunakan untuk menganalisis perbedaan nilai pre-test dan post-test. Sebanyak 25 responden berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan penyuluhan ini. Rerata nilai pre-test sebesar 7,08 ± 1,32, sedangkan nilai post-test meningkat menjadi 9,04 ± 0,73. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan setelah penyuluhan (p<0,001). Mayoritas responden, menunjukkan antusiasme tinggi selama proses penyuluhan dan aktif dalam sesi diskusi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan berbasis ceramah interaktif efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman pasangan mengenai pentingnya perencanaan kehamilan dan pemeriksaan ANC dalam mencegah komplikasi. Kata kunci: Perencanaan kehamilan, antenatal care, edukasi prakonsepsi. ABSTRACT Pregnancy complications remain one of the main causes contributing to the increase in Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Indonesia. This is due to the lack of knowledge and awareness among fertile-aged couples and pregnant women regarding pregnancy planning and the importance of regular antenatal care (ANC) examinations. Education efforts through health promotion are an effective preventive strategy to enhance reproductive health literacy and support the early detection of pregnancy risks. Therefore, a structured educational intervention in the form of counseling/promotion is necessary to strengthen the community's understanding of pregnancy complication screening and antenatal care. This activity was conducted in September 2025 at Tamamaung Primary Health Center (Puskesmas). The participants were all women of reproductive age who visited the maternal and child health clinic, selected using a purposive sampling technique. The counseling activities included a pre-test, an interactive presentation on pregnancy planning and antenatal care screening, a question-and-answer session, and a post-test at the end of the activity. The effectiveness of the counseling was evaluated by comparing knowledge scores before and after the intervention. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to assess the normality of the data distribution, while the Wilcoxon test was used to analyze the difference between pre-test and post-test scores. A total of 25 respondents participated in the counseling activity. The mean pre-test score was 7.08 ± 1.32, which increased to 9.04 ± 0.73 in the post-test. Statistical analysis showed a significant improvement in knowledge following the intervention (p<0.001). Most participants demonstrated high enthusiasm and active engagement during the counseling and discussion sessions. These findings indicate that interactive lecture–based counseling is effective in enhancing couples’ understanding of the importance of pregnancy planning and ANC in preventing pregnancy complications. Keywords: Pregnancy planning, antenatal care, preconception education.

Keywords

• Pregnancy planning
• Antenatal care
• Preconception education