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PHC LEADERSHIP CHARACTERISTICS, COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKER PERFORMANCE, AND MATERNAL BEHAVIOR IN STUNTING REDUCTION: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi · Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026) · hlm. 1323–1334

DOI
10.22437/jiituj.v10i3.55375
ISSN
2580-2259, 2580-2240
Terbit
2026-06-29
Penerbit
LPPM Universitas Jambi
Bahasa
en
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstrak

Stunting remains a critical global health challenge, yet the role of Primary Health Care (PHC) facility leadership in driving nutritional outcomes through community health worker (CHW) pathways remains poorly synthesized. This systematic review aims to examine leadership models employed by PHC facility heads and their association with stunting reduction, mediated by CHW performance and maternal health behavior change. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Elsevier databases was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Original research articles examining PHC leadership, CHW supervision, and nutritional outcomes in children under five were included. Studies lacking leadership variables or stunting-related outcomes were excluded. Quality assessment utilized standardized appraisal tools. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Supportive supervision (9/12), training investment (10/12), stakeholder coordination (8/12), and resource mobilization (7/12) were key leadership characteristics associated with improved outcomes. Transformational leadership enhanced CHW motivation, task completion, and retention. A mediating pathway was identified: effective leadership improved CHW performance, which enhanced maternal antenatal care utilization, dietary diversity, and breastfeeding practices, contributing to stunting reduction. PHC leadership serves a catalytic function in stunting reduction through CHW capacity strengthening and community engagement. This review uniquely delineates the leadership–CHW–maternal behavior–stunting causal pathway, addressing a critical gap in implementation science. Future studies should employ longitudinal designs measuring leadership interventions' direct impact on anthropometric outcomes, and develop validated instruments for assessing PHC leadership competencies in low-resource settings.

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24 penulis · 92 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 4 lintas organisasi

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  • Lampung University
  • Universitas Muslim Indonesia
  • Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta
  • Politeknik Negeri Bandung
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Sulastri SulastriUniversitas Muslim Indonesia3
Siti FatonahSunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta2
Andala RP BarusmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Fitri Annisa Nuur MahmudahLampung University2
Iskandar IskandarLampung University2
Marceilla SuryanaPoliteknik Negeri Bandung1
Giri UdaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Allan HarrisAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Hendri BusmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad Al-HafidzAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Purwati PurwatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Antun RahmadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Wien WiratmokoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Iradah Lia PrasetioAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Fannia Khairani MzAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mohammad Hafid HakAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/index.php/JIITUJ/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">PHC LEADERSHIP CHARACTERISTICS, COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKER PERFORMANCE, AND MATERNAL BEHAVIOR IN STUNTING REDUCTION: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Yuniastini, Yuniastini</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Barusman, Yusuf Sulfarano</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Barusman, Andala Rama Putra</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Habiburrahman, Habiburrahman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Amatiria, Gustop</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Putri, Gita Leviana</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Marthalena, Yenny</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sunarmi, Sunarmi</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Child Health</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Community Health Workers</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Leadership</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Maternal Nutrition</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Primary Health Care</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Stunting</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Stunting remains a critical global health challenge, yet the role of Primary Health Care (PHC) facility leadership in driving nutritional outcomes through community health worker (CHW) pathways remains poorly synthesized. This systematic review aims to examine leadership models employed by PHC facility heads and their association with stunting reduction, mediated by CHW performance and maternal health behavior change. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Elsevier databases was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Original research articles examining PHC leadership, CHW supervision, and nutritional outcomes in children under five were included. Studies lacking leadership variables or stunting-related outcomes were excluded. Quality assessment utilized standardized appraisal tools. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Supportive supervision (9/12), training investment (10/12), stakeholder coordination (8/12), and resource mobilization (7/12) were key leadership characteristics associated with improved outcomes. Transformational leadership enhanced CHW motivation, task completion, and retention. A mediating pathway was identified: effective leadership improved CHW performance, which enhanced maternal antenatal care utilization, dietary diversity, and breastfeeding practices, contributing to stunting reduction. PHC leadership serves a catalytic function in stunting reduction through CHW capacity strengthening and community engagement. This review uniquely delineates the leadership–CHW–maternal behavior–stunting causal pathway, addressing a critical gap in implementation science. Future studies should employ longitudinal designs measuring leadership interventions' direct impact on anthropometric outcomes, and develop validated instruments for assessing PHC leadership competencies in low-resource settings.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">LPPM Universitas Jambi</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-06-29</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/JIITUJ/article/view/55375</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22437/jiituj.v10i3.55375</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi; Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026): Volume 10, Nomor 3, June 2026; 1323-1334</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2580-2259</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2580-2240</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/JIITUJ/article/view/55375/24637</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Yuniastini Yuniastini, Yusuf Sulfarano Barusman, Andala Rama Putra Barusman, Habiburrahman Habiburrahman, Gustop Amatiria, Gita Leviana Putri, Yenny Marthalena, Sunarmi Sunarmi</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>