Analysis of Robusta Coffee Production Factors

Abstrak

Inggris

The study aimed to analyze the production factors that influence the production of Robusta coffee and the elasticity of production factors on Robusta coffee production. The research was conducted in Jambu District, Semarang Regency. The survey method was used to select two potential villages, with one farmer group selected for each village as a sample. The data analysis method used was the Cobb-Douglas production function. The results showed that most Robusta coffee farmers were male with an age range of 40-49 years, elementary school education, had been farming for 10-19 years, had 4-6 family members, the average of land area was 0,87 ha, the average of labor was 150,33 HKP/year, the average of manure used was 4.533,33 kg/ha/year, the average of NPK fertilizer used was 391,11 kg/ha/year, and the average number of trees was 1.155,56 sticks with the average of Robusta coffee production was 1.302,71 kg/ha/year. The result of the study showed that simultaneously land area (X1), labor (X2), manure (X3), NPK fertilizer (X4), and number of trees (X5) had a very significant effect on Robusta coffee production and partial manure (X3) and number of trees (X5) had an effect on Robusta coffee production. The elasticity value was 1.142% which was the sum of the elasticity of land area 0,229%, labor 0,016%, manure 0,231%, NPK fertilizer 0,004%, and number of trees 0,662%, which means that Robusta coffee production in Jambu District, Semarang Regency was at the increasing return to scale level.

Bahasa Indonesia

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor produksi terhadap produksi kopi Robusta dan menganalisis elastisitas faktor produksi terhadap produksi kopi Robusta. Lokasi penelitian di Kecamatan Jambu, Kabupaten Semarang. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan memilih dua desa yang potensial, dengan setiap desa dipilih satu kelompok tani sebagai sampel. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani kopi Robusta sebagian besar laki-laki dengan rentang usia 40-49 tahun, berpendidikan SD, lama berusahatani 10-19 tahun, jumlah anggota keluarga 4-6 orang, memiliki rata-rata luas lahan 0,87 ha, rata-rata tenaga kerja 150,33 HKP/tahun, rata-rata penggunaan pupuk kandang 4.533,33 kg/ha/tahun, rata-rata penggunaan pupuk NPK 391,11 kg/ha/tahun, serta rata-rata jumlah pohon 1.155,56 batang dengan rata-rata produksi kopi Robusta 1.302,71 kg/ha/tahun. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara serentak luas lahan (X1), tenaga kerja (X2), pupuk kandang (X3), pupuk NPK (X4), dan jumlah pohon (X5) berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap produksi kopi Robusta dan secara parsial pupuk kandang (X3) dan jumlah pohon (X5) berpengaruh terhadap produksi kopi Robusta. Nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,983 yang berarti variabel faktor produksi dapat menjelaskan produksi kopi Robusta sebesar 98,3%. Nilai elastisitas sebesar 1,142% yang merupakan penjumlahan dari elastisitas luas lahan 0,229%, tenaga kerja 0,016%, pupuk kandang 0,231%, pupuk NPK 0,004%, dan jumlah pohon 0,662% yang berarti usahatani kopi Robusta di Kecamatan Jambu, Kabupaten Semarang berada pada tingkat increasing return to scale.

Kata kunci

• elasticity
• production factors
• Robusta coffee
• elastisitas
• faktor produksi
• kopi Robusta