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Impact of Indonesian Rice Policy: Production, Price, Import and Farmer’s Welfare (2004-2024)

The Dampak Kebijakan Beras Indonesia: Produksi, Harga, Import dan Kesejahteraan Petani Periode (2004–2024)

Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian · Vol. 21 No. 3 (2025) · pp. 65–87

ISSN
2598-5922, 0853-8395
Published
2025-12-10
Publisher
Hasanuddin University
Language
en
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstract

English

This study analyzes rice price governance in Indonesia during the administrations of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (2004–2014) and Joko Widodo (2014–2024) using a mixed-methods approach that integrates panel data analysis, asymmetric price transmission testing, and comparative policy mapping. The research findings indicate differences in policy orientations: Yudhoyono emphasized producer price protection and import restrictions, which preserved the Farmer's Exchange Rate but increased vulnerability to supply shocks, while Widodo prioritized market integration and import flexibility, which dampened short-term volatility but weakened price incentives at the farmer level. The study also identified asymmetric price transmission—domestic prices respond more quickly to global price increases than decreases—and widening marketing margins. The proposed integrative policy package includes adaptive price corridors, rule-based buffer stocks, targeted subsidies, post-harvest efficiency, inter-regional logistics improvements, phased-diversified import strategies, and real-time data dashboards. This approach is deemed capable of improving policy timeliness, enhancing supply chain efficiency, and balancing price stability with farmer welfare.

Bahasa Indonesia

Penelitian ini menganalisis tata kelola harga beras di Indonesia pada masa pemerintahan Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (2004–2014) dan Joko Widodo (2014–2024) melalui pendekatan mixed-methods yang memadukan analisis data panel, uji asymmetric price transmission, dan comparative policy mapping. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan orientasi kebijakan: Yudhoyono lebih menekankan proteksi harga produsen dan pembatasan impor, yang menjaga Nilai Tukar Petani namun meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap guncangan pasokan, sementara Widodo mengedepankan integrasi pasar dan fleksibilitas impor, yang meredam volatilitas jangka pendek tetapi melemahkan insentif harga di tingkat petani. Studi ini juga menemukan asimetri transmisi harga—harga domestik lebih cepat merespons kenaikan harga global dibanding penurunannya—serta pelebaran margin pemasaran. Rancangan paket kebijakan integratif yang diusulkan meliputi koridor harga adaptif, rule-based buffer stock, subsidi tepat sasaran, efisiensi pascapanen, perbaikan logistik antarwilayah, strategi impor bertahap-diversifikasi, dan dasbor data real-time. Pendekatan ini dinilai mampu memperbaiki ketepatan waktu kebijakan, meningkatkan efisiensi rantai pasok, serta menyeimbangkan stabilitas harga dengan kesejahteraan petani.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

9 authors · 20 co-authorship links

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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Darmawan SalmanAffiliation unknown2
Rafika Dewi PratiwiAffiliation unknown1
Thamrin PawalluriAffiliation unknown1
Hidayat MarminAffiliation unknown1
Arfenti AmirAffiliation unknown1
Amruddin Ambo EnreAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jsep/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 5 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Impact of Indonesian Rice Policy: Production, Price, Import and Farmer’s Welfare (2004-2024)</dc:title>
	<dc:title xml:lang="id">The Dampak Kebijakan Beras Indonesia: Produksi, Harga, Import dan Kesejahteraan Petani Periode (2004–2024)</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Fahmid, Imam Mujahidin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Fahmid, Mirah Midadan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Badrani, Adib Gemilang</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="id">Fahmid, Imam Mujahidin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="id">Fahmid, Mirah Midadan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="id">Badrani, Adib Gemilang</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Kebijakan Pemerintah</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Harga beras</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Indonesia</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Distorsi Pasar; Kelembagaan; Rantai Nilai; Petani; Kemiskinan Produksi.</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Kata Kunci:  	Sektor Pertanian, Ketahanan Pangan, Strategi</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Food Security, Sustainable Development, Government policy.</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">price fluctuations</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Indonesia</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Key words: Rice Market, Market Structure, Market Behavior, Market Performance</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Farmer's Welfare Level</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study analyzes rice price governance in Indonesia during the administrations of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (2004–2014) and Joko Widodo (2014–2024) using a mixed-methods approach that integrates panel data analysis, asymmetric price transmission testing, and comparative policy mapping. The research findings indicate differences in policy orientations: Yudhoyono emphasized producer price protection and import restrictions, which preserved the Farmer's Exchange Rate but increased vulnerability to supply shocks, while Widodo prioritized market integration and import flexibility, which dampened short-term volatility but weakened price incentives at the farmer level. The study also identified asymmetric price transmission—domestic prices respond more quickly to global price increases than decreases—and widening marketing margins. The proposed integrative policy package includes adaptive price corridors, rule-based buffer stocks, targeted subsidies, post-harvest efficiency, inter-regional logistics improvements, phased-diversified import strategies, and real-time data dashboards. This approach is deemed capable of improving policy timeliness, enhancing supply chain efficiency, and balancing price stability with farmer welfare.</dc:description>
	<dc:description xml:lang="id">Penelitian ini menganalisis tata kelola harga beras di Indonesia pada masa pemerintahan Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (2004–2014) dan Joko Widodo (2014–2024) melalui pendekatan mixed-methods yang memadukan analisis data panel, uji asymmetric price transmission, dan comparative policy mapping. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan orientasi kebijakan: Yudhoyono lebih menekankan proteksi harga produsen dan pembatasan impor, yang menjaga Nilai Tukar Petani namun meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap guncangan pasokan, sementara Widodo mengedepankan integrasi pasar dan fleksibilitas impor, yang meredam volatilitas jangka pendek tetapi melemahkan insentif harga di tingkat petani. Studi ini juga menemukan asimetri transmisi harga—harga domestik lebih cepat merespons kenaikan harga global dibanding penurunannya—serta pelebaran margin pemasaran. Rancangan paket kebijakan integratif yang diusulkan meliputi koridor harga adaptif, rule-based buffer stock, subsidi tepat sasaran, efisiensi pascapanen, perbaikan logistik antarwilayah, strategi impor bertahap-diversifikasi, dan dasbor data real-time. Pendekatan ini dinilai mampu memperbaiki ketepatan waktu kebijakan, meningkatkan efisiensi rantai pasok, serta menyeimbangkan stabilitas harga dengan kesejahteraan petani.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Hasanuddin University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-12-10</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jsep/article/view/48040</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian; Vol. 21 No. 3 (2025): October, 2025; 65-87</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id">Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian; Vol 21 No 3 (2025): Oktober, 2025; 65-87</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2598-5922</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0853-8395</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:language>id</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jsep/article/view/48040/13856</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
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