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Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Insufficiency Stage: A Cross-Sectional Study

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia · Vol. 19 No. 1 (2023) · pp. 1–8

DOI
10.30597/mkmi.v19i1.20424
ISSN
2356-4067, 0216-2482
Published
2023-03-31
Publisher
Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar
Language
en
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Insufficiency (CKI) is a kidney disorder that occurs for at least three months and can become a chronic kidney disease. Many risk factors can cause CKI related to individual characteristics and lifestyle. The purpose is to determine the relationship between age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, and consumption of energy supplements with CKI stage in a selected hospital in Indonesia. This research was an analytic observational quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The number of samples was 325 patients using the accidental sampling technique. The instrument used creatinine results and Glomerular Filtration Rate calculations based on laboratory tests, questionnaires, and observation sheets. Bivariate analysis with Chi-Square. Most of the respondents in the CKI stage V (38.8%), late elderly (35.4%), male (56.9%) had a history of diabetes mellitus (55.4%), hypertension (67.7%), did not smoke (78.5%), and does not consume energy supplements (62.5%). Bivariate analysis showed a meaningful relationship between age (X2=8.52, p=0.019), history smoking behaviour (X2=7.12, p=0.026), diabetes mellitus (X2=4.39, p=0.037, and hypertension (X2=7.99, p=0.026) with CKI stage. Age, smoking behaviour, history of diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were associated with the CKI stage.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

20 authors · 41 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Pancasakti Makassar
  • Diponegoro University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Sumarni SumarniAffiliation unknown2
Adi SuciptoAffiliation unknown2
Binta Mu'tiya RizkiAffiliation unknown1
Yudi KurniawanAffiliation unknown1
ULFATUN NIKMAHAffiliation unknown1
Agung Dwi NugrohoAffiliation unknown1
Sri NurhayatiState University of Semarang1
Wisnu SunartoAffiliation unknown1
Firmansyah FirmansyahUniversitas Pancasakti Makassar1
Risma SeptianaDiponegoro University1
Ahmad Fashiha HastawanState University of Semarang1
Ritme Cahya AryaniAffiliation unknown1
Veliana MarshaAffiliation unknown1
Wulansari PrasetyaningtyasAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 5 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Insufficiency Stage: A Cross-Sectional Study</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Fadlilah, Siti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rahil, Nazwar Hamdani </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Khasanah, Uswatun</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Damayanti, Santi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nugroho, Ariyanto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Indrawati, Fika Lilik </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">CKI</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">CKD</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">diabetes mellitus</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">hypertension</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">smoking behaviours</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Chronic Kidney Insufficiency (CKI) is a kidney disorder that occurs for at least three months and can become a chronic kidney disease. Many risk factors can cause CKI related to individual characteristics and lifestyle. The purpose is to determine the relationship between age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, and consumption of energy supplements with CKI stage in a selected hospital in Indonesia. This research was an analytic observational quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The number of samples was 325 patients using the accidental sampling technique. The instrument used creatinine results and Glomerular Filtration Rate calculations based on laboratory tests, questionnaires, and observation sheets. Bivariate analysis with Chi-Square. Most of the respondents in the CKI stage V (38.8%), late elderly (35.4%), male (56.9%) had a history of diabetes mellitus (55.4%), hypertension (67.7%), did not smoke (78.5%), and does not consume energy supplements (62.5%). Bivariate analysis showed a meaningful relationship between age (X2=8.52, p=0.019), history smoking behaviour (X2=7.12, p=0.026), diabetes mellitus (X2=4.39, p=0.037, and hypertension (X2=7.99, p=0.026) with CKI stage. Age, smoking behaviour, history of diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were associated with the CKI stage.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-03-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/20424</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.30597/mkmi.v19i1.20424</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia; Vol. 19 No. 1: MARCH 2023; 1-8</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2356-4067</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0216-2482</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.30597/mkmi.v19i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/20424/9705</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2023 by author</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>