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Psychosocial Factors and Prevalence of Stress in Early Pregnancy: A Study in Makassar City

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia · Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025) · hlm. 124–131

DOI
10.30597/mkmi.v21i2.44786
ISSN
2356-4067, 0216-2482
Terbit
2025-06-30
Penerbit
Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar
Bahasa
en
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Abstrak

Stress during pregnancy can negatively impact the health of both the mother and the fetus, especially in the first trimester, which is a period of intense physical and emotional adaptation. This study aims to determine the prevalence and psychosocial factors associated with the occurrence of stress in first-trimester pregnant women in Makassar City. This study uses a cross-sectional design involving 256 first-trimester pregnant women from five public health centers in the suburban areas of Makassar City. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS10) instrument was used to measure stress levels. Analysis was conducted bivariately and multivariately using logistic regression. The prevalence of severe stress among pregnant women in the first trimester was 36.72%. Multivariate analysis revealed two factors significantly associated with severe stress: low family income (adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR) = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.15–4.66; p = 0.018) and poor interpersonal relationships with parents or in-laws (adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR) = 4.63; 95% CI: 1.53–14.02; p = 0.007). Socioeconomic factors and interpersonal relationships with parents/in-laws influence the high levels of stress experienced by first-trimester pregnant women. Early intervention that considers the family's economic aspects and social support from the surrounding environment is critical in preventing stress during pregnancy.

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  • Hasanuddin University
  • University of Indonesia
  • Padjadjaran University
  • Universitas Sumatera Utara
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Putri Bungsu MachmudAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Dwi GayatriAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Andi Arsunan ArsinHasanuddin University1
Surya Darmawan SyamHasanuddin University1
Nur Nasry NoorHasanuddin University1
Briliana Aulia RahmahHasanuddin University1
Rizky Chaeraty SyamHasanuddin University1
Rosa Devitha AyuHasanuddin University1
Nasrullah NasrullahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ratna DjuwitaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nurul KhairaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Wahyu K.Y. PutraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Evi MarthaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Besral BesralAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sri Novita LubisUniversitas Sumatera Utara1
Dwi Hapsari TjandrariniNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Sulistyowati Tuminah DarjokoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dewi KristantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Srilaning DriyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Psychosocial Factors and Prevalence of Stress in Early Pregnancy: A Study in Makassar City</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ansar, Jumriani</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Adisasmita, Asri C</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ronoatmodjo, Sudarto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Husin, Farid</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ratnaningsih, Muliani</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Stress</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pregnant Women</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Family Income</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Interpersonal Relationships</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">EPDS</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Stress during pregnancy can negatively impact the health of both the mother and the fetus, especially in the first trimester, which is a period of intense physical and emotional adaptation. This study aims to determine the prevalence and psychosocial factors associated with the occurrence of stress in first-trimester pregnant women in Makassar City. This study uses a cross-sectional design involving 256 first-trimester pregnant women from five public health centers in the suburban areas of Makassar City. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS10) instrument was used to measure stress levels. Analysis was conducted bivariately and multivariately using logistic regression. The prevalence of severe stress among pregnant women in the first trimester was 36.72%. Multivariate analysis revealed two factors significantly associated with severe stress: low family income (adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR) = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.15–4.66; p = 0.018) and poor interpersonal relationships with parents or in-laws (adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR) = 4.63; 95% CI: 1.53–14.02; p = 0.007). Socioeconomic factors and interpersonal relationships with parents/in-laws influence the high levels of stress experienced by first-trimester pregnant women. Early intervention that considers the family's economic aspects and social support from the surrounding environment is critical in preventing stress during pregnancy.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-06-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/44786</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.30597/mkmi.v21i2.44786</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia; Vol. 21 No. 2: JUNE 2025; 124-131</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2356-4067</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0216-2482</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.30597/mkmi.v21i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/44786/13580</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 by author</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>