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Indoor Air Quality and Sick Building Syndrome in Selected Public Buildings in Shah Alam, Selangor

Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia · Vol. 21 No. 3 (2025) · hlm. 209–217

DOI
10.30597/mkmi.v21i3.45527
ISSN
2356-4067, 0216-2482
Terbit
2025-09-30
Penerbit
Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar
Bahasa
en
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Abstrak

Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is always associated with Sick Building Syndromes (SBS) despite the age of the buildings, particularly in buildings where indoor air pollutants may affect occupants’ health and productivity. This study assessed IAQ parameters and SBS symptoms in five selected public buildings aged 10 and above in Shah Alam, Selangor. Physical, chemical and biological parameters were measured, while structured questionnaires were completed by 87 respondents occupying the buildings. Most IAQ parameters were within the ranges of the Industry Code of Practice on IAQ (ICOP IAQ 2010), except for air velocity, formaldehyde and Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) in two buildings. Statistical analyses showed no association between the building type and SBS occurrence, and no significant differences (p > 0.05) in air velocity, TVOC, CO2 or fungal count among the buildings. In order to reduce SBS risks and enhance SBS, the source of contaminants should be tackled and regular monitoring should be implemented to ensure compliance with IAQ limits.

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  • Hasanuddin University
  • Universiti Teknologi MARA
  • University of Kuala Lumpur
  • Universiti Malaysia Perlis
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Atjo WahyuHasanuddin University4
Rifa’ah Mahmudah Bulu’Hasanuddin University2
Furqaan NaiemHasanuddin University1
Tahir AbdullahHasanuddin University1
F NaeimHasanuddin University1
Iin Karmila YusriHasanuddin University1
Andi HardiantiHasanuddin University1
Andi IndahwatyHasanuddin University1
A. Syalsa Rizkyah Imasya PutriHasanuddin University1
Masyita MuisHasanuddin University1
Aisyah Sandra A. RahmanHasanuddin University1
Sheren Maria Birgita DanurHasanuddin University1
M. Furqaan NaiemHasanuddin University1
Fachriani BaharuddinHasanuddin University1
Lalu Muhammad SalehHasanuddin University1
Andi ZulkifliHasanuddin University1
OUEDRAOGO ASSANEHasanuddin University1
A. WahyuniHasanuddin University1
ADAM ADAMHasanuddin University1
Andi Indahwaty SidinHasanuddin University1
Alimin MaidinHasanuddin University1
Fridawaty RivaiHasanuddin University1
Andi ZulkifliHasanuddin University1
Andi Indahwaty ASAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ummu KalsumHasanuddin University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Indoor Air Quality and Sick Building Syndrome in Selected Public Buildings in Shah Alam, Selangor</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ismail, Ismaniza</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Zulkarnain, Mohamad Solehin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ridzuan, Ilyas Syafiq Darul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Thamrin, Yahya</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hamidin, Nasrul</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Indoor Air Quality</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sick Building Syndrome</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Public Buildings</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is always associated with Sick Building Syndromes (SBS) despite the age of the buildings, particularly in buildings where indoor air pollutants may affect occupants’ health and productivity. This study assessed IAQ parameters and SBS symptoms in five selected public buildings aged 10 and above in Shah Alam, Selangor. Physical, chemical and biological parameters were measured, while structured questionnaires were completed by 87 respondents occupying the buildings. Most IAQ parameters were within the ranges of the Industry Code of Practice on IAQ (ICOP IAQ 2010), except for air velocity, formaldehyde and Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) in two buildings. Statistical analyses showed no association between the building type and SBS occurrence, and no significant differences (p &amp;gt; 0.05) in air velocity, TVOC, CO2 or fungal count among the buildings. In order to reduce SBS risks and enhance SBS, the source of contaminants should be tackled and regular monitoring should be implemented to ensure compliance with IAQ limits.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-09-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/45527</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.30597/mkmi.v21i3.45527</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia; Vol. 21 No. 3: SEPTEMBER 2025; 209-217</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2356-4067</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0216-2482</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.30597/mkmi.v21i3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/45527/13587</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 by author</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>