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Effect of Legume-Based Substitute Feed on The Consumption of Tetragonula Biroi Bees During Pollen Deficiency Periods: Pengaruh Pakan Subtitusi Berbasis Kacang-Kacangan Terhadap Konsumsi Lebah Tetragonula biroi pada Masa Kekurangan Pakan Serbuk Sari

Pengaruh Pakan Subtitusi Berbasis Kacang-Kacangan Terhadap Konsumsi Lebah Tetragonula biroi pada Masa Kekurangan Pakan Serbuk Sari: Effect of Legume-Based Substitute Feed on The Consumption of Tetragonula Biroi Bees During Pollen Deficiency Periods

PERENNIAL · Vol. 22 No. 2 (2026) · pp. 53–60

DOI
10.24259/perennial.v22i2.50107
ISSN
2685-6859, 1412-7784
Published
2026-10-31
Publisher
Forestry Faculty of Hasanuddin University
Language
en

Abstract

English

Limited availability of pollen during scarcity periods becomes a major constraint that reduces feed consumption in Tetragonula biroi. The availability of natural pollen often decreases during the dry season, thus limiting the productivity and development of stingless bee colonies. This study aims to analyze the effect of legume-based pollen substitutes on feed consumption and T. biroi colony development. This study was conducted on meliponiculture in Baranti Village, Sidenreng Rappang Regency, in November 2024, using a total of 12 bee colonies with an experimental duration of 9 days. This research experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments with three replications. Feed consumption and nest weight increase were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance (p<0.05), followed by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT). Significant differences (p<0.05) in feed consumption were only found in red beans compared to other substitutes (mung beans, soybeans, and control). The feed with the highest consumption value was red bean meal (2.10±0.12 g per colony every three days), as well as nest weight gain (126±5.44 g per colony every three days). These findings suggest that legume-based pollen substitutes, particularly red bean meal, can support colony development during periods of natural pollen scarcity. Practically, this feed substitute offers an additional option for managing T. biroi beekeeping during seasonal pollen shortages.

Bahasa Indonesia

Keterbatasan ketersediaan serbuk sari pada masa paceklik menjadi kendala utama yang menurunkan konsumsi pakan lebah Tetragonula biroi. Ketersediaan serbuk sari alami sering menurun selama musim kemarau, sehingga membatasi produktivitas dan perkembangan koloni lebah tanpa sengat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengganti serbuk sari berbasis kacang-kacangan terhadap konsumsi pakan dan perkembangan koloni T. biroi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada meliponikultur di Kelurahan Baranti, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, pada November 2024, menggunakan total 12 koloni lebah dengan durasi 9 hari. Percobaan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Konsumsi pakan dan peningkatan berat sarang dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians (ANOVA) dengan signifikansi (p<0,05), diikuti oleh uji rentang berganda Duncan (DMRT). Perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) pada konsumsi pakan hanya terdapat pada kacang merah dibandingkan dengan pengganti lainnya (kacang hijau, kedelai, dan kontrol). Pakan yang memiliki nilai tertinggi pada tingkat konsumsi terdapat pada tepung kacang merah (2,10±0,12 g per koloni setiap tiga hari), begitupun dengan pertambahan berat sarang (126±5,44 g per koloni setiap tiga hari). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pengganti serbuk sari berbasis kacang-kacangan, terutama tepung kacang merah, dapat mendukung perkembangan koloni selama periode kelangkaan serbuk sari alami. Secara praktis, substitusi pakan ini menawarkan pilihan tambahan untuk pengelolaan budidaya lebah T. biroi selama kekurangan serbuk sari musiman.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

34 authors · 73 co-authorship links

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  • University of Brawijaya
  • Affiliation unknown
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Andi Husni SitepuAffiliation unknown2
Haryanti RivaiAffiliation unknown2
SyahidahAffiliation unknown2
Sitti NuraeniAffiliation unknown2
Ainur RofiqUniversity of Brawijaya1
Tomy Benolexmana PurbaAffiliation unknown1
Balqis ShintarahayuAffiliation unknown1
Yisrel Loyis SiallaAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad Iqbal NikmatullahAffiliation unknown1
Andi Haris MuhammadAffiliation unknown1
ZulkifliAffiliation unknown1
Dewi SafitriAffiliation unknown1
Syahrul MAffiliation unknown1
Abid Ash ShiddiqiyAffiliation unknown1
HaniahAffiliation unknown1
Muslim SalamAffiliation unknown1
Mahmud AhmadAffiliation unknown1
A. MasniawatiAffiliation unknown1
Muh. Taufik ArfahAffiliation unknown1
Arief RahmanAffiliation unknown1
Musrizal MuinAffiliation unknown1
Herniaty BandasoAffiliation unknown1
Nyni YatniAffiliation unknown1
BakriAffiliation unknown1
Budiaman BudiamanAffiliation unknown1
Lismayani LismayaniAffiliation unknown1
Wahyudi WahyudiAffiliation unknown1
Abd. RahmanAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad IrfanAffiliation unknown1
Marwan RajabAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/perennial/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 5 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Effect of Legume-Based Substitute Feed on The Consumption of Tetragonula Biroi Bees During Pollen Deficiency Periods: Pengaruh Pakan Subtitusi Berbasis Kacang-Kacangan Terhadap Konsumsi Lebah Tetragonula biroi pada Masa Kekurangan Pakan Serbuk Sari</dc:title>
	<dc:title xml:lang="id">Pengaruh Pakan Subtitusi Berbasis Kacang-Kacangan Terhadap Konsumsi Lebah Tetragonula biroi pada Masa Kekurangan Pakan Serbuk Sari: Effect of Legume-Based Substitute Feed on The Consumption of Tetragonula Biroi Bees During Pollen Deficiency Periods</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Budiaman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Baharuddin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Anwar, Muh.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Prastiyo, Andi</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Legumes</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Meliponiculture</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Stingless Bees</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Substitute Feed</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tetragonula biroi</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Kacang-Kacangan</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Lebah Tanpa Sengat</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Meliponikultur</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Pakan Subtitusi</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="id">Tetragonula biroi</dc:subject>
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Limited availability of pollen during scarcity periods becomes a major constraint that reduces feed consumption in Tetragonula biroi. The availability of natural pollen often decreases during the dry season, thus limiting the productivity and development of stingless bee colonies. This study aims to analyze the effect of legume-based pollen substitutes on feed consumption and T. biroi colony development. This study was conducted on meliponiculture in Baranti Village, Sidenreng Rappang Regency, in November 2024, using a total of 12 bee colonies with an experimental duration of 9 days. This research experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments with three replications. Feed consumption and nest weight increase were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance (p&amp;lt;0.05), followed by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT). Significant differences (p&amp;lt;0.05) in feed consumption were only found in red beans compared to other substitutes (mung beans, soybeans, and control). The feed with the highest consumption value was red bean meal (2.10±0.12 g per colony every three days), as well as nest weight gain (126±5.44 g per colony every three days). These findings suggest that legume-based pollen substitutes, particularly red bean meal, can support colony development during periods of natural pollen scarcity. Practically, this feed substitute offers an additional option for managing T. biroi beekeeping during seasonal pollen shortages.




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Keterbatasan ketersediaan serbuk sari pada masa paceklik menjadi kendala utama yang menurunkan konsumsi pakan lebah Tetragonula biroi. Ketersediaan serbuk sari alami sering menurun selama musim kemarau, sehingga membatasi produktivitas dan perkembangan koloni lebah tanpa sengat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengganti serbuk sari berbasis kacang-kacangan terhadap konsumsi pakan dan perkembangan koloni T. biroi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada meliponikultur di Kelurahan Baranti, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, pada November 2024, menggunakan total 12 koloni lebah dengan durasi 9 hari. Percobaan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Konsumsi pakan dan peningkatan berat sarang dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians (ANOVA) dengan signifikansi (p&amp;lt;0,05), diikuti oleh uji rentang berganda Duncan (DMRT). Perbedaan signifikan (p&amp;lt;0,05) pada konsumsi pakan hanya terdapat pada kacang merah dibandingkan dengan pengganti lainnya (kacang hijau, kedelai, dan kontrol). Pakan yang memiliki nilai tertinggi pada tingkat konsumsi terdapat pada tepung kacang merah (2,10±0,12 g per koloni setiap tiga hari), begitupun dengan pertambahan berat sarang (126±5,44 g per koloni setiap tiga hari). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pengganti serbuk sari berbasis kacang-kacangan, terutama tepung kacang merah, dapat mendukung perkembangan koloni selama periode kelangkaan serbuk sari alami. Secara praktis, substitusi pakan ini menawarkan pilihan tambahan untuk pengelolaan budidaya lebah T. biroi selama kekurangan serbuk sari musiman.




 </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Forestry Faculty of Hasanuddin University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-10-31</dc:date>
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	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/perennial/article/view/50107</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.24259/perennial.v22i2.50107</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">PERENNIAL; Vol. 22 No. 2 (2026): Vol. 22 No. 2, October 2026; 53-60</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id">PERENNIAL; Vol 22 No 2 (2026): Vol. 22 No. 2, October 2026; 53-60</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2685-6859</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1412-7784</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.24259/perennial.v22i2</dc:source>
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