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Open access Jurnal SINTA 3

Integrating Off-Chain and On-Chain Mechanisms to Enhance Medical Data Management Using Blockchain Technology

SemanTIK: Teknik Informasi · Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)

DOI
10.55679/semantik.v11i2.235
ISSN
2502-8928, 2460-1446
Published
2025-12-16
Publisher
Informatics Engineering Department of Halu Oleo University
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

Manajemen data medis yang aman dan andal merupakan tantangan utama dalam sistem perawatan kesehatan digital, di mana pertumbuhan eksponensial rekam medis elektronik meningkatkan permintaan akan solusi penyimpanan yang scalable dan efisien. Teknologi blockchain, terutama melalui kontrak pintar, menyediakan metode terdesentralisasi dan tahan gangguan untuk mengelola data medis. Namun, menyimpan data skala besar langsung di blockchain menyebabkan biaya transaksi yang jauh lebih tinggi (biaya gas), membuat prosesnya tidak efisien secara ekonomi dan secara teknis tidak praktis. Untuk mengatasi keterbatasan ini, penelitian ini meningkatkan integrasi kontrak pintar blockchain dengan InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) dengan mengembangkan kerangka kerja manajemen data yang aman, andal, dan hemat biaya. Arsitektur hibrida yang diusulkan menggabungkan kontrak pintar on-chain untuk kontrol akses dan IPFS off-chain untuk penyimpanan data, secara efektif mengurangi biaya gas sekaligus menjaga keamanan dan transparansi. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan hibrida memastikan penanganan data medis yang tidak dapat diubah, dapat diverifikasi dan efisien. Evaluasi terhadap prototipe sistem yang ditawarkan mengkonfirmasi integritas data dan pengaksesan data dengan cepat. Analisis kinerja menunjukkan sistem berhasil mengurangi tantangan biaya, meningkatkan skalabilitas dan keamanan dalam manajemen data medis secara terdesentralisasi. Secure and reliable medical data management is a major challenge in digital healthcare systems, where the exponential growth of electronic medical records increases the demand for scalable and efficient storage solutions. Blockchain technology, particularly through smart contracts, provides a decentralized and tamper-resistant method for managing medical data. However, storing large-scale data directly on the blockchain leads to significantly higher transaction costs (gas fees), making the process economically inefficient and technically impractical. To address this limitation, this study investigates the integration of blockchain smart contracts with the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to develop a secure, reliable, and cost-effective data management framework. The proposed hybrid architecture combines on-chain smart contracts for access control and off-chain IPFS for data storage, effectively reducing gas costs while maintaining security and transparency. Experimental results show that the hybrid approach ensures immutable, verifiable, and efficient medical data handling. Field evaluations confirm data integrity and rapid retrieval, while performance analysis demonstrates that the model successfully mitigates cost, scalability, and security challenges in decentralized healthcare data management.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

9 authors · 16 co-authorship links

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Anton YudhanaUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan1
Satriya Dwi PutraUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan1
Herman YuliansyahUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan1
Kintung PrayitnoAffiliation unknown1
SunardiAffiliation unknown1
Kintung PrayitnoUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://semantik.uho.ac.id/index.php/journal/oai, first harvested 26 Okt 2026, last seen 26 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Integrating Off-Chain and On-Chain Mechanisms to Enhance Medical Data Management Using Blockchain Technology</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>herman, herman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Salji, Rinday Zildjiani</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Yuliansyah, Herman</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Blockchain</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Medical Data</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Off-chain</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">On-chain</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Manajemen data medis yang aman dan andal merupakan tantangan utama dalam sistem perawatan kesehatan digital, di mana pertumbuhan eksponensial rekam medis elektronik meningkatkan permintaan akan solusi penyimpanan yang scalable dan efisien. Teknologi blockchain, terutama melalui kontrak pintar, menyediakan metode terdesentralisasi dan tahan gangguan untuk mengelola data medis. Namun, menyimpan data skala besar langsung di blockchain menyebabkan biaya transaksi yang jauh lebih tinggi (biaya gas), membuat prosesnya tidak efisien secara ekonomi dan secara teknis tidak praktis. Untuk mengatasi keterbatasan ini, penelitian ini meningkatkan integrasi kontrak pintar blockchain dengan InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) dengan mengembangkan kerangka kerja manajemen data yang aman, andal, dan hemat biaya. Arsitektur hibrida yang diusulkan menggabungkan kontrak pintar on-chain untuk kontrol akses dan IPFS off-chain untuk penyimpanan data, secara efektif mengurangi biaya gas sekaligus menjaga keamanan dan transparansi. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan hibrida memastikan penanganan data medis yang tidak dapat diubah, dapat diverifikasi dan efisien. Evaluasi terhadap prototipe sistem yang ditawarkan mengkonfirmasi integritas data dan pengaksesan data dengan cepat. Analisis kinerja menunjukkan sistem berhasil mengurangi tantangan biaya, meningkatkan skalabilitas dan keamanan dalam manajemen data medis secara terdesentralisasi.
Secure and reliable medical data management is a major challenge in digital healthcare systems, where the exponential growth of electronic medical records increases the demand for scalable and efficient storage solutions. Blockchain technology, particularly through smart contracts, provides a decentralized and tamper-resistant method for managing medical data. However, storing large-scale data directly on the blockchain leads to significantly higher transaction costs (gas fees), making the process economically inefficient and technically impractical. To address this limitation, this study investigates the integration of blockchain smart contracts with the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to develop a secure, reliable, and cost-effective data management framework. The proposed hybrid architecture combines on-chain smart contracts for access control and off-chain IPFS for data storage, effectively reducing gas costs while maintaining security and transparency. Experimental results show that the hybrid approach ensures immutable, verifiable, and efficient medical data handling. Field evaluations confirm data integrity and rapid retrieval, while performance analysis demonstrates that the model successfully mitigates cost, scalability, and security challenges in decentralized healthcare data management.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Informatics Engineering Department of Halu Oleo University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-12-16</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://semantik.uho.ac.id/index.php/journal/article/view/235</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.55679/semantik.v11i2.235</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">SemanTIK : Teknik Informasi; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): SemanTIK Teknik Informasi</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-8928</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-1446</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://semantik.uho.ac.id/index.php/journal/article/view/235/42</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 herman herman, Rinday Zildjiani Salji, Herman Yuliansyah</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>