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The Effectiveness of Special Relativity Student Worksheet Assisted by The Pythagorean Theorem in Physics Learning

Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia · Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 99–117

DOI
10.15294/jpfi.v22i1.37661
ISSN
2355-3812, 1693-1246
Terbit
2026-06-24
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

In the 21st-century education era, integrating innovative learning media is essential to develop mathematical thinking skills and improve overall student learning outcomes, especially when addressing highly abstract physics topics such as Einstein’s special theory of relativity. This research aims to implement a specifically designed Student Worksheet (SW) assisted by the Pythagoras theorem to develop mathematical thinking indicators, enhance student learning performance, and evaluate student responses toward the media. The research employed a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design conducted at SMAN Mumbulsari during the 2024/2025 academic year. Using convenience sampling, 72 eleventh-grade students from two physics elective classes were selected as research subjects. Data collection was carried out using validated pretest-posttest essay questions, Student Worksheets focused on four key mathematical thinking elements: specializing, generalizing, conjecturing, and convincing, and response questionnaires based on a Likert scale. Data analysis utilized the Normalized Gain (N-gain) score to measure the improvement in learning outcomes and descriptive statistics to determine the percentage of student responses. The results indicated that students' mathematical thinking skills fell into the good to very good range across all indicators. Furthermore, learning outcomes showed an average N-gain of 0.57, placing the improvement in the moderate category, complemented by a positive student response rate of 68.20%. These findings demonstrate that the Pythagoras-assisted SW effectively improves learning performance in physics. This research provides significant practical benefits as an innovative instructional alternative for physics teachers, simplifying complex, abstract concepts through a geometric approach, thereby helping students overcome mathematical barriers and fostering a deeper understanding of physics.

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  • Universitas Jember
  • Yogyakarta State University
  • State University of Semarang
  • State University of Malang
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
M MaryaniUniversitas Jember2
Rosa Fahriatuz ZahroUniversitas Jember2
M Fathor RohmanUniversitas Jember2
Puput Aprilia Eka SariUniversitas Jember2
Nisrina NafisahUniversitas Jember2
Rif’ati Dina HandayaniUniversitas Jember1
Albertus Djoko LesmonoState University of Semarang1
Srihandono Budi PrastowoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nila Mutia DewiUniversitas Jember1
Kharisma Rafian AzisUniversitas Jember1
Mohammad Anas ThohirState University of Malang1
Muhammad TaufikiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPFI/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">The Effectiveness of Special Relativity Student Worksheet Assisted by The Pythagorean Theorem in Physics Learning</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Supriadi, Bambang</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sefanda, Sakti Kalisa </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Badriyah, Badriyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Putri, Fidia Alhikmah </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ainiyah, Ummi  Zahrotul </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Baihaq, Habibah Khusna </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hamdi, Muhammad Najih </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">effectiveness, mathematical ability, student worksheet, special relativity of the Pythagorean theorem</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">In the 21st-century education era, integrating innovative learning media is essential to develop mathematical thinking skills and improve overall student learning outcomes, especially when addressing highly abstract physics topics such as Einstein’s special theory of relativity. This research aims to implement a specifically designed Student Worksheet (SW) assisted by the Pythagoras theorem to develop mathematical thinking indicators, enhance student learning performance, and evaluate student responses toward the media. The research employed a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design conducted at SMAN Mumbulsari during the 2024/2025 academic year. Using convenience sampling, 72 eleventh-grade students from two physics elective classes were selected as research subjects. Data collection was carried out using validated pretest-posttest essay questions, Student Worksheets focused on four key mathematical thinking elements: specializing, generalizing, conjecturing, and convincing, and response questionnaires based on a Likert scale. Data analysis utilized the Normalized Gain (N-gain) score to measure the improvement in learning outcomes and descriptive statistics to determine the percentage of student responses. The results indicated that students' mathematical thinking skills fell into the good to very good range across all indicators. Furthermore, learning outcomes showed an average N-gain of 0.57, placing the improvement in the moderate category, complemented by a positive student response rate of 68.20%. These findings demonstrate that the Pythagoras-assisted SW effectively improves learning performance in physics. This research provides significant practical benefits as an innovative instructional alternative for physics teachers, simplifying complex, abstract concepts through a geometric approach, thereby helping students overcome mathematical barriers and fostering a deeper understanding of physics.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-06-24</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPFI/article/view/37661</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jpfi.v22i1.37661</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia; Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026); 99-117</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2355-3812</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1693-1246</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jpfi.v22i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPFI/article/view/37661/10252</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>