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Constitutional Protection and Public Sense of Security: Measuring the Safety and Comfort Index in Batang Regency

Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI · Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026) · pp. 589–630

DOI
10.15294/jphi.v9i2.57933
ISSN
2654-8313, 2654-8305
Published
2026-10-02
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstract

This study aims to measure the level of the public safety and comfort index in Batang Regency from the perspective of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which affirms the state’s obligation to protect the entire nation and all of Indonesia’s territory. The research method employed is a quantitative approach using a survey technique involving 400 respondents selected through proportional random sampling from 15 districts. The research instrument refers to four main dimensions: (1) safety from disasters, (2) fulfillment of social welfare, (3) protection and utilization of diversity, and (4) safety from violence. The results show that the average public safety and comfort index in Batang Regency is 89.52, categorized as very high according to Rosna’s (2014) criteria. The dimension with the highest score is safety from violence (93.59), followed by protection of diversity (92.17), social welfare (89.14), and safety from disasters (83.18). These findings indicate that, in general, the people of Batang Regency feel safe, protected, and have their basic needs met, although disaster mitigation still requires priority improvement. The results of this study are expected to serve as a basis for formulating regional policies to sustainably maintain and enhance public safety and comfort.

Keywords

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22 authors · 62 co-authorship links

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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Satrio Alpen PradannaAffiliation unknown2
Anif IstianahAffiliation unknown2
Didi PramonoAffiliation unknown1
Vina Nurul HusnaAffiliation unknown1
Restu Ayu MumpuniAffiliation unknown1
Asti HanafiAffiliation unknown1
Tio Putra RefiyanAffiliation unknown1
Abdullah Fariz KyartoAffiliation unknown1
Rizqi Amalia Dwi AsihAffiliation unknown1
Eko HandoyoAffiliation unknown1
Eta Yuni LestariAffiliation unknown1
Soegiyanto SoegiyantoAffiliation unknown1
Setya RahayuAffiliation unknown1
Tri NurharsonoAffiliation unknown1
Zuhrian Ivan ArviantoAffiliation unknown1
Safina Shazkia SalmaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPHI/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 5 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Constitutional Protection and Public Sense of Security: Measuring the Safety and Comfort Index in Batang Regency</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Wijayanti, Tutik</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Irawan, Hendri </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Masrukhi, Masrukhi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Listyaningsih, Listyaningsih</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en"> Mae C. Mendoza, Iris</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Irawan, Ricko </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Constitution</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Diversity</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Peace and Justice</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sustainable Communities</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">UUD NRI 1945</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study aims to measure the level of the public safety and comfort index in Batang Regency from the perspective of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which affirms the state’s obligation to protect the entire nation and all of Indonesia’s territory. The research method employed is a quantitative approach using a survey technique involving 400 respondents selected through proportional random sampling from 15 districts. The research instrument refers to four main dimensions: (1) safety from disasters, (2) fulfillment of social welfare, (3) protection and utilization of diversity, and (4) safety from violence. The results show that the average public safety and comfort index in Batang Regency is 89.52, categorized as very high according to Rosna’s (2014) criteria. The dimension with the highest score is safety from violence (93.59), followed by protection of diversity (92.17), social welfare (89.14), and safety from disasters (83.18). These findings indicate that, in general, the people of Batang Regency feel safe, protected, and have their basic needs met, although disaster mitigation still requires priority improvement. The results of this study are expected to serve as a basis for formulating regional policies to sustainably maintain and enhance public safety and comfort.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-10-02</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPHI/article/view/57933</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jphi.v9i2.57933</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): July-December, 2026; 589-630</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2654-8313</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2654-8305</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jphi.v9i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPHI/article/view/57933/11622</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Tutik Wijayanti, Hendri  Irawan, Masrukhi Masrukhi, Listyaningsih Listyaningsih, Iris  Mae C. Mendoza, Ricko  Irawan (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>