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The Effect of Fuel Injection Duration on Exaust Gas Emissions of a 4-Stroke Engine 113.68 CC Using Bioethanol Fuel

Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin · Vol. 25 No. 02 (2026) · hlm. 12–16

DOI
10.15294/jptm.v25i02.33503
ISSN
2503-1759, 2503-1759
Terbit
2026-01-12
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

In Indonesia, the number of motor vehicles using fuel as an energy source is rising quickly. The government has developed renewable energy to reduce fuel consumption because, according to the Downstream Oil and Gas Regulatory Agency (BPH Migas), the consumption of gasoline-type fuels in 2017 was 1,858,875 L/Quarter. Determining the impact of using bioethanol with different injection times on exhaust gas emissions was the aim of this study. Bioethanol is an environmentally friendly alternative fuel for cars that uses less fuel. It is a renewable energy source made from vegetable sources. Variations in fuel injection duration and exhaust gas emission are the main subjects of this study. With no modifications to compression, the engine operates under standard conditions. A gas analyzer and engine speeds of 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 Rpm were used in the study. According to the study's findings, the amount of CO exhaust gas dropped. At 5000 RPM for 4 ms, the lowest CO in bioethanol fuel is 1.21%. With bioethanol fuel, the amount of HC exhaust gas emissions has dropped. 710 ppm at 3000 Rpm for 4 ms is the lowest HC level. When using bioethanol as fuel, the amount of CO2 emissions rises. The maximum CO2 concentration is 6.50% at 5000 RPM for 4 ms. The maximum amount of O2 emissions from bioethanol fuel is recorded at 1500 RPM for 4 ms.

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  • Universitas Tidar
  • Sumatera Institute of Technology
  • Universitas AKPRIND Indonesia
  • Politeknik Negeri Malang
  • State University of Semarang
  • University of Technology Malaysia
  • Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Fajri KurniawanUniversity of Technology Malaysia2
Fajar PaundraSumatera Institute of Technology2
Abdul MuhyiSumatera Institute of Technology2
Dzikrina Salsabila YasminSumatera Institute of Technology2
Iqbal Zulfikar Alief UtamaUniversitas Tidar2
Rosyidi HidayatAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Febri Budi DarsonoState University of Semarang1
Sudibtia Titio KoinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Zidan Yusron WijanarkoUniversitas Tidar1
Rizqi PrastowoInstitut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta1
Kartinasari Ayuhikmatin SekarjatiUniversitas AKPRIND Indonesia1
Anita SusianaUniversitas Prof. Dr. Hazairin SH.1
Ichwan Noor ArdiyatPoliteknik Negeri Banjarmasin1
Fajar Yulianto PrabowoUniversitas AKPRIND Indonesia1
Iman Pradana A. AssagafPoliteknik ATI Makassar1
Jemssy Ronald RohiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Yonathan ItoUniversitas Perwira Purbalingga1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPTM/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">The Effect of Fuel Injection Duration on Exaust Gas Emissions of a 4-Stroke Engine 113.68 CC Using Bioethanol Fuel</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Zulfikar, Iqbal</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en"> Nurdin, Akhmad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en"> Prasetiyo, Angger Bagus</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en"> Irawan, Bambang</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">bioethanol</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Injection duration</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Exhaust Emissions</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">In Indonesia, the number of motor vehicles using fuel as an energy source is rising quickly. The government has developed renewable energy to reduce fuel consumption because, according to the Downstream Oil and Gas Regulatory Agency (BPH Migas), the consumption of gasoline-type fuels in 2017 was 1,858,875 L/Quarter. Determining the impact of using bioethanol with different injection times on exhaust gas emissions was the aim of this study. Bioethanol is an environmentally friendly alternative fuel for cars that uses less fuel. It is a renewable energy source made from vegetable sources. Variations in fuel injection duration and exhaust gas emission are the main subjects of this study. With no modifications to compression, the engine operates under standard conditions. A gas analyzer and engine speeds of 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 Rpm were used in the study. According to the study's findings, the amount of CO exhaust gas dropped. At 5000 RPM for 4 ms, the lowest CO in bioethanol fuel is 1.21%. With bioethanol fuel, the amount of HC exhaust gas emissions has dropped. 710 ppm at 3000 Rpm for 4 ms is the lowest HC level. When using bioethanol as fuel, the amount of CO2 emissions rises. The maximum CO2 concentration is 6.50% at 5000 RPM for 4 ms. The maximum amount of O2 emissions from bioethanol fuel is recorded at 1500 RPM for 4 ms.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-01-12</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPTM/article/view/33503</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jptm.v25i02.33503</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin; Vol. 25 No. 02 (2025): December 2025 ; 12-16</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2503-1759</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2503-1759</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jptm.v25i02</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPTM/article/view/33503/8125</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin</dc:rights>
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