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EFFECT OF WOOD GRAIN ORIENTATION ON THE BENDING AND IMPACT STRENGTH OF CARBON FIBER–BALSA WOOD SANDWICH COMPOSITES WITH A POLYESTER RESIN MATRIX

Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin · Vol. 25 No. 02 (2025) · hlm. 68–77

DOI
10.15294/jptm.v25i02.44886
ISSN
2503-1759, 2503-1759
Terbit
2025-12-30
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

The orientation of wood grains significantly determines the mechanical strength of a sandwich composite material where this study aims to analyze the effect of balsa wood grain orientation variations (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°) as a core material on flexural and impact strength. The materials used in this research consist of a balsa wood core carbon fiber skins, and a polyester resin matrix, fabricated using the vacuum bagging method. The testing procedures include the three-point bending test referring to the ASTM C393 standard, and the drop weight impact test adhering to ASTM D7136. The experimental data were analyzed to evaluate the mechanical strength and failure characteristics resulting from flexural loading and sudden impact. The results indicate that the straight grain orientation (0°) provides a maximum flexural strength of 22.77 MPa and the best impact resistance compared to other grain directions. This study confirms that balsa wood grain orientation has a significant influence on mechanical strength establishing the straight grain as the most optimal configuration for lightweight structural applications that require weight efficiency and high mechanical performance.

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  • University of Technology Malaysia
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Abdul MuhyiAfiliasi tidak diketahui17
Farid Nanda SyanurAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Dzikrina Salsabila YasminAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
M. Farhan SidikAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Muhamad Fatikul ArifAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Dimas AldyansyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Gilang Putra WibawaAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Muhammad SyaukaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Imam PrabowoAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Rio Ardiansyah MurdaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Fajar Aditya JulyatmojoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Astri Aulia SuwandaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Muhammad Saeful FadlanAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Rizky SaputraAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Fajri KurniawanUniversity of Technology Malaysia1
Akhmad NurdinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Iqbal Zulfikar Alief UtamaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Bagus Angger PrasetiyoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rosyidi HidayatAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
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Puji BasukiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Kuncoro DiharjoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Devia Gahana Cindi AlfianAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Putty YunestiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Andi Rahadiyan WijayaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
I Gusti Bagus Budi DharmaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Risa Nurin BaitiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Wahyu Solafide SipahutarAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang ManguraiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Riyan FerdiyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Wahyu S. SipahutarAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPTM/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">EFFECT OF WOOD GRAIN ORIENTATION ON THE BENDING AND IMPACT STRENGTH OF CARBON FIBER–BALSA WOOD SANDWICH COMPOSITES WITH A POLYESTER RESIN MATRIX</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">paundra, fajar</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Khodrani</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nurullah, Fajar Perdana </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rajagukguk, Kardo </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Pujiyulianto, Eko </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en"> Maulana, Sena</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sandwich   Composite</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Balsa wood</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">bending</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Drop weight impact</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Vacum bagging</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The orientation of wood grains significantly determines the mechanical strength of a sandwich composite material where this study aims to analyze the effect of balsa wood grain orientation variations (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°) as a core material on flexural and impact strength. The materials used in this research consist of a balsa wood core carbon fiber skins, and a polyester resin matrix, fabricated using the vacuum bagging method. The testing procedures include the three-point bending test referring to the ASTM C393 standard, and the drop weight impact test adhering to ASTM D7136. The experimental data were analyzed to evaluate the mechanical strength and failure characteristics resulting from flexural loading and sudden impact. The results indicate that the straight grain orientation (0°) provides a maximum flexural strength of 22.77 MPa and the best impact resistance compared to other grain directions. This study confirms that balsa wood grain orientation has a significant influence on mechanical strength establishing the straight grain as the most optimal configuration for lightweight structural  applications that require weight efficiency and high mechanical performance.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-12-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPTM/article/view/44886</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jptm.v25i02.44886</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin; Vol. 25 No. 02 (2025): December 2025 ; 68-77</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2503-1759</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2503-1759</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jptm.v25i02</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JPTM/article/view/44886/9162</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>