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Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Gel Mask Based on Wild Honeybees (Apis dorsata) Honey Nanoparticles Againts Propionibacterium acnes

Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy · Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 33–40

DOI
10.15294/jstrp.v6i1.59061
ISSN
2776-0685
Terbit
2026-09-10
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Acne is a skin condition caused by the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. Honey from the Asian honeybee (Apis dorsata) is known to possess antibacterial activity that can be enhanced through nanoparticle technology. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Asian honeybee honey and honey nanoparticles against Propionibacterium acnes, the characteristics of the nanoparticles, and the antibacterial activity of a honey nanoparticle-based gel mask in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. Honey nanoparticles were prepared using the ionic gelation method with chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate (Na-TPP), then formulated into a gel mask at concentrations of 25%, 35%, and 45%. Antibacterial activity was determined through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) testing, while nanoparticle characterization included particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. The results showed that wild forest honey had an MIC of 25% and an MBC of 50%, while the honey nanoparticles had an MIC of 6.25% and an MBC of 12.5%. The resulting nanoparticles had a particle size of 137.37 nm, a PDI value of 0.329, and a zeta potential of +32.73 mV. The evaluation results showed that all formulations met the physical requirements for the preparation, with formulation F3 (45%) exhibiting the best antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. Wild bee honey nanoparticles exhibit higher antibacterial activity than wild bee honey. The increased antibacterial activity of the honey nanoparticles is thought to be due to their smaller particle size, which enhances the penetration of bioactive compounds and the interaction of chitosan amino groups with bacterial cell membranes. Based on these results, wild bee honey nanoparticles formulated into a gel mask have the potential to serve as a topical preparation with antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes.

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  • Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kendari
  • State University of Semarang
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Bertakalswa HermawatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Jayanti Evananda FebrianAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Yunita Dyah Puspita SantikAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Fitri IndrawatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Anisa FitriInstitut Agama Islam Negeri Kendari2
Arvia Dhitya MaharhaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Devita Uzlah SibaraniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sherly GusnawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Hermi Nur LaelaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Arum SiwiendrayantiState University of Semarang1
Fitriana PuspitaraniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Isnaningsih IsnaningsihAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Fitriyana FitriyanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rudatin WindraswaraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Annisa Arum Kartika DewiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Atiya InayahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Siti Yuliana SyafriatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nila KusumawatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Aswi Nur SyahbaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ragil AndrianiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Isnaini Alfazcha ZukhrufAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Azizah Nur AbdillahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Afifah Maulidia Az Zahro'Afiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dela Putri WulandariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nanda Putri DewantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Siti Lailatin NasifahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ella Wahyu IrawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Erna Zuliana MuanifahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Intan Tasya Az ZahraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JSTRP/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 5 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Gel Mask Based on Wild Honeybees (Apis dorsata) Honey Nanoparticles Againts Propionibacterium acnes</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Putri, Dwi Salsabilla</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sukendra, Dyah Mahendrasari </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Apis dorsata</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">antibacterial activity</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">gel mask</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">nanoparticles</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Propionibacterium acnes</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Acne is a skin condition caused by the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. Honey from the Asian honeybee (Apis dorsata) is known to possess antibacterial activity that can be enhanced through nanoparticle technology. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Asian honeybee honey and honey nanoparticles against Propionibacterium acnes, the characteristics of the nanoparticles, and the antibacterial activity of a honey nanoparticle-based gel mask in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. Honey nanoparticles were prepared using the ionic gelation method with chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate (Na-TPP), then formulated into a gel mask at concentrations of 25%, 35%, and 45%. Antibacterial activity was determined through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) testing, while nanoparticle characterization included particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. The results showed that wild forest honey had an MIC of 25% and an MBC of 50%, while the honey nanoparticles had an MIC of 6.25% and an MBC of 12.5%. The resulting nanoparticles had a particle size of 137.37 nm, a PDI value of 0.329, and a zeta potential of +32.73 mV. The evaluation results showed that all formulations met the physical requirements for the preparation, with formulation F3 (45%) exhibiting the best antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. Wild bee honey nanoparticles exhibit higher antibacterial activity than wild bee honey. The increased antibacterial activity of the honey nanoparticles is thought to be due to their smaller particle size, which enhances the penetration of bioactive compounds and the interaction of chitosan amino groups with bacterial cell membranes. Based on these results, wild bee honey nanoparticles formulated into a gel mask have the potential to serve as a topical preparation with antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-09-10</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JSTRP/article/view/59061</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jstrp.v6i1.59061</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026):  Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy; 33-40</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2776-0685</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jstrp.v6i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JSTRP/article/view/59061/11400</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>