Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos sebagai Bioindikator Pencemaran Air di Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat Kota Semarang

Abstrak

The West Flood Canal River is one of the major rivers in Semarang City which is used by the surrounding community to fulfill their daily life. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity, evenness and dominance of macrozoobenthos in the West Flood Canal, and to determine the effect of C-organic on the presence of macrozoobenthos. The sampling method in this study used the exploratory method. Determination of sampling stations using purposive random sampling method. The samples obtained were sorted using the hand sorting method and washed with water. The data obtained were calculated indices of diversity, evenness and dominance. The environmental parameters tested were temperature, pH, DO, salinity, brightness, and C-organic. obtained 22 species consisting of classes gastropods, bivalves, crustaceans and malacostraca with a total of 2610 individuals. The Shannon Wiener diversity index value in the West Flood Canal River is 1.51 – 1.88 which is included in the medium diversity category, the evenness index is 0.71-0.87 which is included in the high evenness category and the dominance index is 0.19-0.27 which is included in the category of low dominance. The environmental parameter values in the West Flood Canal River flow include temperatures ranging from 29-33 0C; salinity ranged from 0-29 ppt; brightness ranges from 50-59 cm; pH ranges from 7.1 to 7.3; DO ranges from 3.7-5.3 mg/L; C-organic ranged from 0.21 to 1.04. ungai Banjir Kanal Barat merupakan salah satu sungai besar di Kota Semarang yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat sekitar untuk memenuhi kehidupan sehari-hari. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis keanekaragaman, kemerataan dan dominansi makrozoobentos yang ada di aliran Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat, serta mengetahui pengaruh C-organik terhadap keberadaan makrozoobentos. Metode pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplorasi. Penentuan stasiun pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive random sampling. Sampel yang didapat disortir menggunakan metode hand sortir dan dilakukan pencucian dengan air. Data yang didapat dihitung indeks keanekaragaman, kemerataan dan dominansi. Parameter lingkungan yang diuji antara lain suhu, pH, DO, salinitas kecerahan, dan C-organik. didapat 22 spesies yang terdiri dari kelas gastropoda, bivalvia, crustacea dan malacostraca dengan cacah individu sebanyak 2610 individu. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon Wiener di Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat sebesar 1,51 – 1,88 yang termasuk dalam kategori keanekaragaman sedang, indeks kemerataan sebesar 0,71-0,87 yang termasuk dalam kategori kemerataan tinggi dan indeks dominansi sebesar 0,19-0,27 yang termasuk dalam kategori dominansi rendah. Nilai parameter lingkungan di aliran Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat antara lain suhu berkisar 29-33 0C; salinitas berkisar 0-29 ppt; kecerahan berkisar 50-59 cm; pH berkisar 7,1-7,3; DO berkisar 3,7-5,3 mg/L; C-organik berkisar 0,21-1,04. Keywords: Bioindicator,Diversity,Macrozoobenthos, Banjir Kanal Barat River, Bioindikator,Keanekaragaman,Makrozoobentos,Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat