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Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide–Silver (ZnO–Ag) Nanocomposites Using Manihot esculenta Leaf Extract

Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education · Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 296–306

DOI
10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.40659
ISSN
2338-7610, 2085-191X
Terbit
2026-08-20
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections, poses a threat in clinical care. Metal-metal oxide nanocomposites have been developed as antibacterial agents due to their synergistic effects. In this study, zinc oxide-silver nanocomposites (ZnO–AgNCs) were synthesized using Manihot esculenta leaf extract as a bioreductant, with extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% (v/v) and AgNO₃ concentrations of 6 and 8 mM. The samples were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, PSA, SEM-EDX, and their antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method. The best formulation was obtained for ZnO–AgNCs with 5% extract + 8 mM AgNO₃, which exhibited an SPR peak at 331 nm and an average particle size of 48.04 nm. SEM-EDX revealed an irregular and agglomerated morphology and confirmed the presence of Zn, O, and Ag. The nanocomposite showed strong antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa with an inhibition zone of 15.83±0.64 mm. These findings highlight its potential for further development in infection control, particularly in medical applications. This study supports the Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) on Good Health and Well-being (No. 3) through the development of antibacterial materials.

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  • Sebelas Maret University
  • Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira
  • Indonesian Institute of Sciences
  • IPB University
  • Abasyn University
  • East Timor Coffee Institute
  • University of Aberdeen
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Siti Lusi Arum SariSebelas Maret University2
Ratna SetyaningsihSebelas Maret University2
Sajidan SajidanSebelas Maret University2
Baraka Stewart MkumbeSebelas Maret University2
Ralf GreinerMax Rubner Institut2
Sandy Samsul BahrySebelas Maret University2
Hildegardis MissaUniversitas Katolik Widya Mandira1
Sardina NdukangUniversitas Katolik Widya Mandira1
Aloysus DjaloUniversitas Katolik Widya Mandira1
Getrudis Wilhelmina NauUniversitas Katolik Widya Mandira1
Anselmus Boy BaunseleUniversitas Katolik Widya Mandira1
Americo Dos SantosEast Timor Coffee Institute1
Justin M. J. TravisUniversity of Aberdeen1
Wilsen ChuanataSebelas Maret University1
Agung BudiharjoSebelas Maret University1
Farah AldilaSebelas Maret University1
Aris Tri WahyudiIPB University1
Suryo WiyonoIPB University1
Antonius SuwantoIPB University1
Yulin LestariIPB University1
Shanti ListyawatiSebelas Maret University1
Putri Regita AnggrainiSebelas Maret University1
Wida Puspa TanjungSebelas Maret University1
Klara Rizky AmiliaSebelas Maret University1
Mohammad MasykuriSebelas Maret University1
Suranto SurantoSebelas Maret University1
Solikah Ana EstikomahSebelas Maret University1
Ema DamayantiIndonesian Institute of Sciences1
Lusty IstiqomahIndonesian Institute of Sciences1
Hendra HerdianIndonesian Institute of Sciences1
Ade Erma SuryaniIndonesian Institute of Sciences1
Ayu Septi AnggraeniIndonesian Institute of Sciences1
Nisrina Dhiya RosyadaSebelas Maret University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide–Silver (ZnO–Ag) Nanocomposites Using Manihot esculenta Leaf Extract</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hafizhah, Wardah Radhwa</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Susilowati, Ari </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Pangastuti, Artini </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ali, Muhammad </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">antibacterials</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">biosynthesis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">cassava leaf extract</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">zinc oxide silver nanocomposite</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections, poses a threat in clinical care. Metal-metal oxide nanocomposites have been developed as antibacterial agents due to their synergistic effects. In this study, zinc oxide-silver nanocomposites (ZnO–AgNCs) were synthesized using Manihot esculenta leaf extract as a bioreductant, with extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% (v/v) and AgNO₃ concentrations of 6 and 8 mM. The samples were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, PSA, SEM-EDX, and their antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method. The best formulation was obtained for ZnO–AgNCs with 5% extract + 8 mM AgNO₃, which exhibited an SPR peak at 331 nm and an average particle size of 48.04 nm. SEM-EDX revealed an irregular and agglomerated morphology and confirmed the presence of Zn, O, and Ag. The nanocomposite showed strong antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa with an inhibition zone of 15.83±0.64 mm. These findings highlight its potential for further development in infection control, particularly in medical applications. This study supports the Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) on Good Health and Well-being (No. 3) through the development of antibacterial materials.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-08-20</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/40659</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.40659</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education; Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): August 2026; 296-306</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-7610</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2085-191X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/40659/10952</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>